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정의를 향한 글로벌 시민성 담론과 학교 지리

Discourse of Global Citizenship and School Geography towards Justice

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초록

본 연구는 글로벌 정의를 지향하는 글로벌 시민성 개념과 이 개념을 지지할 수 있는 학교 지리의 새 방향성을 이론적으로 고찰한 것이다. 우선 4 가지의 글로벌 시민성 담론(신자유주의적, 코스모폴리탄, 후기 식민주의적, 후기 구조주의적 글로벌 시민성)을 비판적으로 검토한다. 이를 통해 후기 구조주의적 글로벌 시민성 개념이 다른 담론들과 비교하여 배제된 글로벌 타자들을 공정하게 초대할 정치적, 윤리적 책임에 더 깊이 관여하고 있음을 보여준다. 둘째, 기존의 학교지리가 글로벌 타자와 관련된 지리적 지식의 불안정성을 간과하고 특정한 전체주의적 관점들에 천착함으로써 글로벌 불공정에 연계될 가능성을 지적한다. 셋째, 비판 학교지리는 글로벌 타자들을 위한 우리들의 정치적, 윤리적 책임을 강조하지만, 전체주의화·탈맥락화의 함정에 빠져 글로벌 불공정을 초래할 수 있음을 보여준다. 마지막으로, 글로벌 정의를 지지할 수 있는 긍정과 창의의 교과로서 해체적 학교지리를 제안한다.

Abstract

This study theoretically investigates the notion of global citizenship towards justice and its implications for school geography. Four discourses of global citizenship are first introduced and examined (neoliberal, cosmopolitan, postcolonial, and poststructural global citizenship). By uncovering the limits of each theoretical standpoint, the paper shows how poststructural ideas of global citizenship engage closely with citizens’ ethical and political responsibilities in the world in order to open the passage for the incoming of previously marginalised and displaced ‘others’. Secondly, the possible complicit relationship between school geography and totalizing notions of global citizenship is reviewed. By pinpointing the unstable characteristics of geographical knowledge about global ‘others’, this paper doubts whether school geography may be linked to injustice. Thirdly, critical geography educators’ endeavors for justice are examined. This paper stresses that even critical school geography may cause injustice by over-emphasising that structural global inequality obscures ‘others’. The paper concludes by suggesting that deconstructive school geography may be an affirmative passage towards justice.

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