국제상거래에서 금전채무 불이행에 따른 이자율 계산에 관한 연구
A Study on the Calculation of Interest Rate for Non-performance of Monetary Debt in International Commerce Transactions
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초록
본 연구는 국제상거래에서 자주 발생되는 국제대금지급의 연체에 따른 이자발생과 관련하여 국제물품매매계약에 관한 UN협약(United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods; CISG), 국제상사계약원칙(Principle of International Commercial Contract; PICC), 보통유럽매매법(Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliment and of the Council on a Common European Sales Law; CESL)을 중심으로 고찰한다. 그 주요 내용으로는 CISG 제78조에 따른 이자율 계산을 상세히 고찰, 살펴보고 이를 정의하기 위한 다양한 규칙과 접근법을 살펴보도록 한다. 이와 더불어 PICC 및 CESL상 채무자의 금전채무불이행에 따른 이자율 관련 규정을 CISG상 관련 규정과 상호비교를 시도한다. 이를 통해 각 규범들 간 이자율 계산에 있어서의 차이점을 좁히고, CISG의 이자청구권과 관련한 규정의 미비사항과 해석상의 논란으로 발생하는 문제에 대한 법적 내지 실무적 시사점을 제시함으로 관련 규정을 이해하는 데 조금이나마 도움을 줄 것으로 예상한다.
Abstract
Purpose : The interest rate calculation in accordance with Article 78 of the CISG will be reviewed and examined in detail, and the difference in interest rate calculation between each norm will be narrowed by comparing the provisions related to the interest rate due to default of the debtor under the PICC and CESL with the relevant regulations under the CISG. It is expected that it will be helpful in understanding the relevant regulations by presenting legal and practical implications for the problems arising from controversies in interpretation and deficiencies in the CISG's regulations related to interest claim rights. Research design, data, methodology : This paper reviews the contents of scholars' research and precedents related to the interest calculation rate, and applies the Black Letter Rule, the opinion presented by the CISG Advisory Committee, which has been discussed so far, Principles of International Commercial Contract (PICC), and the regulations of the Common European Sales Law (CESL). By conducting comparative studies, the differences in the relevant provisions of the Conventions were studied. Results : This paper narrows the differences in interest rate calculations between the norms, It is expected to help the understanding of related regulations by presenting legal and practical implications for problems arising from controversies in interpretation and deficiencies in the CISG's regulations related to the right to claim interest. Conclusions : This may lead to a loss of the will to suppress default, which is the purpose of interest, or to resolve the debt more quickly in the course of litigation or arbitration. Accordingly, if the creditor wants to prevent default in advance and expedite the progress of litigation or arbitration in the event of a financial default, the parties to the transaction are required to prepare a contract for the calculation of the interest rate due to default in the case of bank loans in the creditor’s country. It is also considered necessary to consider a way to explicitly regulate the interest rate (CESL Article 168) added to the interest rate (the opinion of the CISG Advisory Committee).
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