초기대상관계와 경계선 성격의 관련성에서 자기개념, 방어기제의 매개효과
The Mediation Effect of Self-Concept and Defense Mechanisms on the Relationship between Early Object Relationships and Borderline Personality Traits
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초록
본 연구에서는 경계선 성격특성과 초기대상관계 경험, 자기개념 그리고 방어유형의 관련성을 확인해 보았다. 이를 위해 남녀 대학생 474명을 대상으로 초기대상관계척도, 자기개념 질문지, 한국형방어유형설문지, 한국판 성격장애진단 질문지를 실시한 후, 얻어진 자료를 기초로 부모에 대한 초기대상관계경험과 경계선 성격특성 간의 관련성에서 자기개념과 방어유형의 매개효과를 검토해 보았다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 변수들에 대한 위계적 중다회귀분석 결과, 예언변수들의 총 설명력은 46%였으며 부모와의 초기대상관계 경험은 경계선 성격을 18% 설명하였고, 초기대상관계 경험을 통제한 상태에서 자기개념은 6%의 설명력을 추가하였으며, 방어기제는 이들 두 변인을 통제한 상태에서 22%의 고유한 설명력을 나타내었다. 둘째, 경로분석을 통해 이들 변수간의 인과적 관계를 확인한 결과, 어머니와 아버지에 대한 부정적 초기대상관계가 자기개념과 방어유형을 통해 경계선 성격에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 차이가 있었다. 구체적으로, 어머니와의 부정적 초기대상관계는 직접적으로 혹은 자기개념과 미성숙 방어유형을 거쳐 간접적으로 경계선 성격에 이르도록 하지만, 아버지와의 부정적 초기대상관계는 자기개념과 미성숙 방어유형의 매개효과만이 유의하였다. 셋째, 경로모델에서 상정하였던 자기개념과 방어유형의 매개효과가 유의한 수준으로 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 부정적인 초기대상관계 경험과 경계선 성격특성 간의 관계에서 부정적 자기개념과 미성숙 및 자기억제 방어유형이 매개작용을 하며, 이들 변수의 매개효과는 부모 각각에서 차별적인 양상을 보인다는 점을 시사한다. 끝으로, 본 연구의 제한점과 시사점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study investigated the correlation between borderline personality trait, early object relationship experience, self-concept, and defense mechanisms. For this research, 474 male and female university students were asked to answer the early object relationship scale, self-concept scale, Korea-defense style questionnaire, and Korea-personality disorder scale. Subsequently, we studied the mediating effects of self-concept and defense mechanism on the association of early object relationship experience and borderline personality traits. The results were as follows; early object relationship experience with parents accounted for 22% of borderline personalities, self-concept in a controled state where early object relationship experience was restricted contributed a further 6%, defense mechanisms in a state that those two variables was restricted accounted for 22% of the results from a hierarchical multiple regression analyses of the variables. Additionally, there was a difference in the way negative early object relationship concerning the mother and father affected borderline personalities through self-concept and defense mechanism. In particular, a negative early object relationship with the mother created borderline personalities directly or indirectly, through self-concept and immature defense mechanisms; however, only the indirect path through self-concept and immature defense mechanism was meaningful in early object relationships with the father. Further, the mediating effect of self-concept and defense mechanism, which was introduced from the path model, was significant as a result of the Sobel test. This research demonstrated that negative self-concept, immaturity, and self-restrictive defense mechanisms serve to mediate the progress in the relationship between negative early object relationships and borderline personality traits. Further, the mediating effect of these variables was variable with respect to each parent. Finally, the limitations and suggestion for further research were discussed.
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