주민참여예산제도가 지방재정 운용에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구:지방보조금과 행사･축제 경비를 중심으로

Abstract

Traditionally, the budgeting right has been recognized as the authority of the executive branch and the executive branch has exclusively exercised its decision. The participatory budgeting is a system that realizes participatory sovereignty based on fiscal democracy because local residents can directly participate in the budgeting process and reflect their preferences and priorities in the budget or determine their own budgets. Since 2011, the Republic of Korea has been obliged to implement the participatory budgeting, which is a procedure for local residents to participate in the local budgeting process based on Article 39 of the Local Finance Act and as of 2017, all local governments have introduced and operated the participatory budgeting. As reflecting this, research on the participatory budgeting has been actively performed. However, it has mainly focused on the case study and institutional diffusion factors, and the study on the impact of the participatory budgeting on the local finance management is still insufficient. Thus, this paper analyzed the effect of the participatory budgeting on the local finance management by focusing on local subsidies and function and festival costs by using 6 years of participatory budgeting data and local subsidies and function and festival costs panel data from 2010 to 2015 which are belonged to 226 cities, counties and districts in the whole country. The dependent variable is the rate of the local subsidies and the rate of the function and festival. As a result of estimating the model through the Hausman test, the fixed effects model was found to be suitable. First, the effect of the participatory budgeting on local subsidies was analyzed and it was found that the more number of the project of the participatory budgeting committee and the perspective of participatory budgeting results, reflection rate of the participatory budgeting by participation in relevant year, the less local subsidies from the perspective of participatory budgeting activities. However, from participatory budgeting, it was found that the more holding the committee, the more the local subsidies. As for control variables, the affiliation party of the head of local government affected in the negative direction but political competition, and local election of the head of local government affected in the positive direction. Second, in the case of the function and festival costs, it was shown that the more holing presentation about participatory budgeting and the more number of the project of the participatory budgeting committee, the less the function and festival costs from the perspective of participatory budgeting activities. Among control variables, the debt to budget ratio and fiscal self-reliance which are financial factors affected in the positive direction, settled expenditure of general accounts for person and local election of the head of local government, the rate of aged person affected in the negative direction respectively.