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얼굴표정 정서 인식 능력과 고등학생의 심리사회적 적응 및 또래관계

Facial Expression Recognition in Adolescents: Association with Psychosocial Adjustment and Peer Relationships

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 청소년을 대상으로 얼굴표정 정서인식의 정확성, 민감성을 측정하고, 이와 청소년의 심리사회적 적응 및 또래관계 간의 관련성을 확인하고자 하였다. 몰핑을 통해 다양한 정서강도를 가진 얼굴표정 자극을 제작하였고 이를 순차적으로 제시하여 정서를 인식하는 시점을 확인하는 방식을 통해 정서 인식의 민감성을 측정하였다. 극단적인 얼굴표정 자극을 제시하고 그 얼굴에서 나타나는 정서를 답하도록 하여 정서 인식의 정확성을 동시에 측정하였다. 자기보고식 척도를 이용하여 내재화, 외현화 증상과 따돌림의 정도를 측정하였으며, 자기보고와 또래거명을 이용하여 또래관계를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 여자 청소년이 남자에 비해 정서 인식의 민감성과 정확성이 상대적으로 더욱 높았다. 상관분석 결과, 남자 청소년의 경우에는 내재화 문제가 높을수록 부정적 정서에 대한 민감성이 높았으나 반면에 외현화 문제가 높을수록 정서 인식에 둔감하였고 정확성은 낮았다. 반면에 상대적으로 여자 청소년의 경우에는 얼굴표정의 정서 인식 능력과 또래관계와의 관련성이 남자에 비해 더욱 강하게 나타났다. 이 연구가 가지는 함의와 제한점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional facial expression recognition ability and psychosocial adjustment and peer relationships in adolescents. Using the morphing technique, we created 50 emotional faces with various emotional intensities for facial expressions of anger, fear, happiness, and sadness. The sequence of facial emotional expressions were serially presented from neutral to full-blown emotion in ascending trials. Participants were requested to stop the sequence when they recognized emotion. The sequence was opposite in descending task. The intensity of emotion recognized by participants was recorded as sensitivity to a certain emotion and the accuracy of identifying the emotion with full-blown facial expression was also recorded. Participants completed self-reported scales involving internalizing and externalizing symptoms and bullying. Further, peer relationships were assessed by peer nomination. Results showed that female adolescents recognized facial emotions more sensitively and accurately than males. Correlational analyses indicated that the level of internalizing symptoms was positively correlated with emotional sensitivity. On the contrary, externalizing symptoms were negatively correlated with emotional sensitivity and accuracy. These tendencies were found only in cases of male adolescents. Additionally, peer relationships were negatively correlated with accuracy and sensitivity to facial emotions in both boys and girls. The implications and the limitations of this study were also discussed.

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