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扇面书法研究

A Study of Fan Calligraphy

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초록

作为中国传统文化和中国书画艺术的一种载体,扇面书画一直都受 到历代文人、艺术家、收藏家的青睐。尤其是从书画艺术创作形式上 来看,扇面书法作为一种特殊的创作形式专题类型则要比扇面绘画来 得更为突出和被关注。本文将对扇面书法的来源、发展演变、艺术创 作形式特征以及它的文化内涵和地位做一相对整体的探究和梳理。团 扇起源于中国,唐宋元是团扇书画的鼎盛时期,明清以后逐渐被折扇 书画所替代。团扇书法相比团扇绘画来说,出现较晚,数量也不多。 目前所能看到的较早较著名的团扇书法实物为宋徽宗的团扇草书《掠 水燕翎诗纨扇》。而关于折扇的来源,历来有中国自创、韩国古代传 入和日本古代所创传入中国说,目前较为普遍的说法是后者。折扇书 法目前所见较早的也要到明代了,如祝枝山、文征明、董其昌的折扇 书法作品等等。因为特殊的形式和材质,扇面书法的创作相对一般的 立轴、长卷有更多的差异和意趣。古代的扇面书法按照其形制在书写 方式和书体选择上都有特殊的考虑,常见的有一行多字、一行少字; 每行只在顶端沿边弧线书二三字;在扇面中间横书少数几字如题匾额 的方式;在扇面上分块面书写组合的集锦方式几种。当代的扇面书法 作为一种纯视觉艺术的创作,在书写技法和视觉形式效果的多样性和 丰富性上都有特别突出的表现,在扇面小小的方寸之间体现作者的书 法功力、艺术创造能力和想象能力。扇面书法的产生和演变,反映了 中国传统扇文化的悠久历史和独特魅力,古代文人雅士手执一扇,有 人格表露、情感交流的意义。当代文人、学者、书画艺术家可以通过 扇面书画作为交往唱酬的高雅之物,这种文化传统一直在延续。当代 人对于扇文化和扇面书画艺术的传播也是不遗余力,通过扇面书画的 创作、展览、扇面书画的收藏和雅玩,使得中国的扇面文化得以传承 和发扬。

Abstract

Fan paper paintings, a mediator of Chinese traditional culture and calligraphy art, have been attracted the attention of historians, artists and collectors all the time. Especially, in terms of the creative aspects of calligraphy art, the fan calligraphy [扇面 書 法] is classified as a special type of special creative form and is attracting more attention than the fan painting [扇面 繪 anning]. In this paper, I have made a summary and review of the origin, development process, characteristics of the form of artistic creation and its cultural implication and position. The round fan [天 Fan] originated in China. In the Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, and Yuan Dynasty, the rounded debt reached its peak and was gradually replaced by a folding debt after Ming and Qing. The calligraphy of the round fan appeared later than the painting and the quantity is not so much. A calligraphy work of a relatively early period, which can be identified at present, can be found in the Song of Wongzong, which was written as a calligraphy. As for the origins of the folding fan, there are the Chinese origin, the Korean origin, and the Japanese origin, but they are now universally originated in Japan and are believed to have flown into China. The calligraphy works of the comparatively early period of time, which are confirmed at present, can be found in works of Ming Xiaoshan, Moon Jing Ming and Dong Qiang of Ming Dynasty. Due to its special form and materials, the creation of debt-finishing methods has more appeal than scrolls and scrolls. In ancient times, the iron calligraphy specially arranged both the narrative style and the type of font selection. The most common forms are: (1) writing several letters on one line, writing several letters on one line, writing 2-3 letters on each line along the line of the fan, It is possible to divide it into several ways, such as writing a letter, writing a lantern face in several parts and putting it together. The debate of contemporary times is a kind of pure visual art creation, a very unique expression in both the diversity and abundance of narrative techniques and visual effects. He embodied the artist 's artistic expression and imagination, expressed in the small fan side. The emergence and changes of the fan calligraphy reflect the long history and unique charm of Chinese traditional culture. Holding debt to the hands of ancient writers means expressing personality and exchanging emotions. Since the writers, scholars, and calligraphers of the present day recognize that the fanfare is a classical mediator, the cultural tradition continues to this day. The contemporary people are devoted to the propagation of fan culture and fan painting art, so that the creation of fan paintings, the collection of exhibition paintings and fan paintings, and appreciation of Chinese fan culture can be done.

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