조성환의 국외 독립운동 –중국 관내 지역 활동을 중심으로

Abstract

Cho Sung-hwan was active in the Korean independence movement abroad from around 1908, working in Priamoski and Beijing, China. From 1909 to 1912, he was active in Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanking, China. During this time, he was based in Beijing and collaborated with Ahn Chang-ho to promote the construction of an independent military base for the Shinminhoe. From 1915 to 1932, Cho Sung-hwan returned to China, where he helped Korean Americans settle in China and supported foreign students. He participated in Declaration of Daedong Solidarity(Daedong Dangyul Seoneun, 大同團結宣言), worked to realize the establishment of a new government, and participated in the establishment of the Korean Provisional Government. After a period of militant activity in Manchuria, he returned to Beijing around 1925 and joined the Movement to Establish a national unity party. He returned in the 1930s when the Provisional Government faced a serious crisis. In 1932, he became actively involved in the defense of the Provisional Government as a member of the Provisional Government State Council, and in 1935, he participated in the founding of the Korean Nationalist Party and served as the Provisional Government's military chief. He took the lead in the military activities of the Provisional Government, and when the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, he spearheaded the creation of the Provisional Government's army. Cho Sung-hwan remained in charge of the military department during the establishment of the provisional government and after its return. He stepped down as head of the military department in 1944 when the provisional government was reorganized, but continued to a role in the provisional government's military activities until 1945.