대한민국임시정부 『보병조전초안』의 편찬과 성격

Abstract

Bobyungjojeonchoan is a military training manual compiled and issued on May 25, 1924 by ministry of military affair, Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. The Provisional Government which had established and promoted military policies since the end of 1919, had made efforts to compile and issue military manuals for systematic training and education of military officers. For this, the laws were enacted, a temporary editorial committee under the Ministry of military affair was established and Bobyungjojeonchoan was issued by starting the compilation of military training manual. Bobyungjojeonchoan is composed of 98 items and 262 pages including doctrine, part 1,2,3, and appendix. This manual contains various detail strategies and tactics such as night battle, attrition warfare, mountain battle, stream battle, foreset battle and resident battle that the army for national independence should carry out as well as basic close-order drill. It also introduces the strategies to be taken when performing the combined operation as well as the roles of infantryman, gunner and military engineer. In particular, basic concepts and terminology of battle are expressed in pure Korean. Through the appendix, 'how to read’ is also introduced, and the transition and unification process of military terminology can be researched. It can be said that Bobyungjojeonchoan was made as a part of the military policy by provisional government and it is injected with the military training and policies pursued by the provisional government. In addition, this book allows us to understand and figure out the military exercises of the army for national independence, and to review the training process from the independent army to the national army. One step further, it is also an important data which can examine the development process and legitimacy of the ROK military. During the course of the independence movement, a number of military schools, including Sinheung military school, were established and nurtured military officers. The Provisional Government established and operated the army official school of republic of Korea. In 1940, it raised the banner of anti-Japanese war by establishing Korean independent Army. And when the nation was liberated, it intended to maintain the legitimacy of the Korean Armed Forces by commanding the foundation of Korea independent Army in the domestic territory. In this process, military manuals were issued for systematic training of soldiers, and it is worth noting that Bobyungjojeonchoan was promoted as a part of the military policy of the provisional government.