대한민국 임시정부와 국외 독립운동

Abstract

This study is focused on tracing and figuring out the relation between the Provisional Government of ROK and overseas independence movements. The relation can be represented by two sentences of remark. One, the Provisional Government itself was established as a result of many preceding overseas independence movements. Two, overseas movements also made a great contribution to the maintenance of the government. It would be better to examine the subject by dividing the time line into three different periods. The first period is Shanghai period(1919~1932). The KPG tried to establish administration lines to take control over Korean people in the homeland. In order to specify the plan, the government actually appointed some regional officials and collected poll tax from Koreans in the peninsular. The government incorporated many military organizations of Manchuria into the official military force of the KPG. KPG also succeeded in consolidating its body with Korea Assembly(大韓國民議會) in Vladivostok, Russia. The second period is fleeing period(1932~1940). After the successful bombing deed of Yoon Bong-gil, KPG had to undergo extremely difficult situation as the government started fleeing from the Japanese pressure. The government had to move around the vast inland of China for eight years. Though it was almost impossible to liaison with other organizations in other areas, the members of the government never gave up making coalition with other parties and figures. Such frequent effort of contact made it possible to form a coalition of independence organizations under the name of the United Association for Korean Liberation. The third period is Chungching period(1940~1945). The KPG tried to restart its combining work of independence organizations. As a response to such efforts, three right-winged parties were consolidated to form the Korea Independence Party. The government also made effort in inviting unfriendly groups like Korean Volunteer Unit to join KPG. The next step they took was to form a coalition with groups far away such as Korea Independence Alliance in Huabei(華北朝鮮獨立同盟) and Korean Volunteer Army. One interesting fact found is that the KPG tried to make contact with Kim Il-sung in Khavarovsk. The most helpful ‘citizens’ to do their ‘civil duties’ were Koreans in America. They payed their poll tax and also made donations for KPG operations. In the middle of World War II period, they formed The United Korean Committee in America. The KPG established the Office of Representatives in US. There is a close relation between the KPG and other independence movement groups. Such a relation is natural to be formed because the birth and maintenance of the Provisional Government were enabled by the support and cooperation of other groups around the world. The aspect of the relation changed as time passed and location of the government moved. The members of KPG did their best to maintain the government and proceed the independence movement.