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미국의 상쇄전략에 관한 군사 이론적 분석: 전통주의적 관점과 체계적 관점의 이론화 방법 비교를 중심으로

Classical Approach Versus Systematic Approach?: Military Theoretical Interpretation on the U. S. Offset Strategies

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초록

본 연구는 군사 이론의 관점에서 미국의 1, 2차 상쇄전략을 재평가하는 것을 목표로 한다. 그동안 군사 이론은 전통주의적 관점과 체계적 관점으로 나뉘어 군사혁신에 따른 전쟁 양상의 변화에 대해 상반된 평가를 내려왔다. 그러나 클라우제비츠와 조미니의 군사 이론 체계를 이론화 방법의 차원에서 재검토한 결과, 군사 이론 논쟁은 이론화 방법에 따라 크게 세 층위로 분류 가능하다. 따라서 본 연구는 그동안 이분법적으로 전개되었던 기존 군사 이론의 접근법을 재평가하고, 이를 기반으로 미국의 1차 상쇄전략과 2차 상쇄전략 시기 미국의 군사혁신에 대한 논쟁을 비판적으로 재검토한다. 결론에서는 미국의 3차 상쇄전략의 주요한 군사혁신의 군사 이론적 함의를 고찰한다.

Abstract

By reviewing the Jomini’s and Clausewitz’s military theory, this paper provides the analytical framework for assessing the impact of the military innovations on the nature of warfare. The debates in military theory can be sorted into three dimensions according to the types and degree of idealization. With the analytical framework, the paper reviews on-going debates on the military innovations carried out under the first and second US offset strategies. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the implications and limits of technological gambit of the third offset strategy to the future warfare.

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