중국국방백서(中國的國防)』를 통해 본 중국의 국방정책
A Study on Chinese Defense Policy Focusing on China’s White Paper
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초록
본고는 중국의 2010년 국방백서를 중심으로 중국의 국방정책을 분석하고 우리의 대응방향을 모색한다. 경제위기 및 대테러전쟁에서의 과도한 출혈로 인해미국의 국력이 상대적으로 약화되고 있는 반면, 중국의 국제적 지위는 날로 향상되고 지역 내 영향력이 부쩍 증대하고 있다. 2010년 백서는 이를 반영하듯 중국이 그 어느 때보다도 국방안보 측면에서 자신감에 차 있음을 보여준다. 중국의국방 및 군 현대화는 첫째로 미국의 군사적 패권 쇠퇴, 둘째로 주변국에 대한중국의 야심적 정책 추구, 셋째로 지역 내 군비경쟁 심화, 넷째로 중국 내 군부중심의 강경파 입지 강화 그리고 마지막으로 한반도 문제에 대한 입김 강화 등지역 및 한반도 안보에 부정적인 영향을 줄 것이다. 이에 대해 한국 정부와 군은중국의 부상에 대비하여 전략적 선택의 범위를 보다 유연하게 확대하는 가운데치밀한 국방안보전략을 모색해 나가야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This article deals with China’s defense policy and its implications on ROK security, and searches for some measures to counter China’s military rise. The 2010 China’s White Paper shows that Beijing now becomes full of confidence on its international status and influence which have grown rapidly mainly due to the weakening of the US power which was resulted from global financial crisis and the war on terrorism. China’s defense and military modernization will bring about negative impact on regional security and the Korean peninsula as it would increase the level of arms competition, enhance assertiveness of its foreign policy, strengthen the position of hawks in Chinese leadership, and make the voice of China to Korean affairs loud. Considering current comprehensiveness of security environment, ROK government and military should promote “flexibility” on its strategic choice to prepare for the military rise of China.
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