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총설: DNA 감식에 미치는 잠재지문 현출시약들에 의한 금속이온과유기용매의 영향

Review: Influence of Metal Ions and Organic Solvents by Using Latent Fingerprints Developing Reagents on DNA Identification

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초록

잠재지문 현출 시 DNA회수율(%)과 지문의 현출성 향상을 위하여, 다양한 현출시약에 의한 영향을 검토한 문헌조사와 몇 가지 실험결과에 근거하여 정량적으로 검토된 결과는 다음과 같다. 공통적으로 양자성 용매(protic solvent) 조건에서 DNA분자들은 주로 수화된 금속이온(hydrated metal ion)들에의하여 훼손되므로 DNA 분자를 보호할 수 있는 새로운 잠재지문 현출 방법을 제안하였다. 즉, 현출실험의 처음 단계에서 유류된 잠재지문에 탈 금속화제(demetalisation agent)를 처리한 다음에, 탈 금속화제와 지문 내 금속이온과의 반응으로 생성된 착 화합물이 수화된 금속이온으로부터 DNA 분자를 보호할 수 있도록 하여야 한다. 또한, ninhydrin과 그 유도체(DFO 및 IND)의 방법에서 지문현출 개선 수단으로 무기염류(ZnCl2)를 사용하는 경우에 비양자성 에테르 용매조건에서 매우 높은 DNA 분자 검출율(%)을 나타내었다. 그러므로 수화된 금속이온으로부터 DNA분자를 보호하려면 양자성 용매보다 금속(M) 착(complex) 화합물의 생성 가능성이 큰 비양자성(nonprotic) 에테르(ether) 용매를 사용하여야 한다. 따라서 ‘이중성 지문시약(dual fingerprint reagent)’의 정의는 일 단계로 금속 착 화합물을 생성함으로서현출성을 개선하고 DNA분자를 보호할 수 있는 시약으로 수정되어야 하겠다.

Abstract

To enhancement of detection and DNA recovery rate (%) in development of latent fingerprints, the results for the influences of various reagents based on the investigated of literature researches and some experiments were discussed quantitatively as followings. DNA molecules were commonly destructed by hydrated metal ions in the condition of protic solvents. Therefore, to protect a DNA molecules, new development method of latent fingerprints was proposed. That is, after the demetalisation agent in first step of developing experiment was treated to deposited latent fingerprints, the formated complexes from the reaction between the developing reagents and metal ions in deposited fingerprints shall be able to protect the DNA molecules from hydrated metal ion. And in case of using inorganic salts (ZnCl2) as a means of improving development of latent fingerprints in ninhydrin and their analogues (DFO and IND) methods, the detection rate (%) of DNA molecule indicated significantly a high level in nonprotic ether solvent. Therefore, to protect DNA molecule from the hydrated metal ions, the nonprotic ether solvent condition should be used, because the formation possibility of metal (M) complex from nonprotic solvent rather than protic solvent. Thus the define of “Dual fingerprint reagent” should be modified that it can improve fingerprint detections by metal complexes and protect DNA molecule structure in a single step.

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