북한의 치안정책에 관한 연구

Abstract

In this study, after the liberation in 1945, I analyzed the governance philosophy, government systems and national policies of successive governments developed in North Korea. At that time, I would like to discuss the characteristics of the North Korean police security policy and the shape of the police security system. The specific research conducted is as follows. First, in order to analyze North Korea's police security policy, the characteristics of North Korea's police security system, the formation and transition of North Korea's governance philosophy, the formation and development of the North Korean national system, and the role and function of the North Korean social control system are explained. Firstly, I analyzed the three major social control institutions of North Korea, the National Guard, the social security, and the People's Guard Bureau, and conducted a study on the overall social control system of North Korea. Second, I examined the concrete content and development process of the governing philosophy of the successive North Korean governments and their policies. Thirdly, I analyzed the state of police security policy in line with successive North Korean government's governing philosophy and government policies. Finally, I analyzed the security system by North Korea's police security policy by successive governments. This confirms the actual state of North Korea's governance philosophy, national policy, police security policy, and police security system. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, Kim Il Sung's governing philosophy was “Marx-Leninism” and “Kimilsungism”(Juche Ideology). The Kimilsungism(Juche Ideology) stipulated in the party's unique guiding ideology was stipulated in the party agreement as “Kim Il Sung's Kimilsungism”(Juche Ideology). North Korea advocates a special governing philosophy unique to North Korea, and the Kimilsungism(Juche Ideology) became the basis of the North Korean style dictatorship system. Since the end of the 1980s, the North Korean government has named the “subjective ideal socialism” as the defensive logic for the survival of the system, in a crisis situation caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union and the social sphere of Eastern Europe and the end of the Cold War. The national policies are: ① Socialist People's Republic establishment policy, ② Voluntary socialist state construction policy, ③ Crowd mobilization policy, ④ Policy of establishing a totalitarian dictatorship system, ⑤ Three major economic construction route policies, ⑥ Policy of reign politics and broad politics. The police security policies in line with the national policy were ① the sweeping policy of the remnants of the Japanese Emperor and the supporting forces, ② great purge and political inspection policy, ③ the communist policy of promoting beauty, and ④ the system maintenance policy through public security rule. Secondly, the Kim Jong Il government presented Seongun idea(priority of army) rooted in the Kimilsungism(Juche Ideology) as a governing philosophy for the construction of a great socialist power. Through the 2009 revision of the Constitution (Kim Il Sung Constitution) and the 2010 revision of the Party Covenant, the Kim Jong Il government have established a “principle of military thinking that embodies the Kimilsungism”(Juche Ideology) as the governing philosophy. The country's policies were ① Royal rule, military power enhancement and national system control policy, ② Strong power great nation policy, and ③ Military-oriented priority of army policy. Police security policies in line with the national policy were ① a policy of expanding punishment for exiles and North Koreans, and ② a non-social element clearing policy. Third, the Kim Jong Eun government, through the 4th Party Delegation in 2012, stated that “Kim Il Sung-Kim Jong Il's attention was the only guiding idea, the highest platform of the party.” Kim Il Sung-Kim Jong Ilism was proposed as a rule by revising the party agreement. The policies of the country are: ① Kim Il Sung-Kim Jong Ilism policy, ② Kim Jong Il patriotism policy, ③ Economic construction and nuclear armed construction translation policy, ④ North Korean-style economic management policy, ⑤ Strong first principle and Economic dualization policy, ⑥ Socialist civilization construction policy, etc. Police security policies in line with the national policy were ① terrorism dualization policy, ② anti-national crime control policy, ③ social compliance wind and wind violation control policy, and ④ non-socialist sweeping policy.