분노반추가 분노에 미치는 영향: 작업기억용량의 조절효과를 중심으로
Effect of Anger Rumination on Anger: Moderating Effect of Working Memory Capacity
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초록
본 연구에서는 분노경험과 분노표현에 영향을 미치는 인지적 변인으로 분노반추를 상정하고, 작업 기억용량이 이러한 변인들과의 관계를 조절하는가를 탐색하고자 하였다. 대학생 100명을 대상으로 분노반추척도 및 분노경험 및 표현을 측정하기 위해 상태·특성분노척도를 작성하도록 하였으며, 작업 기억용량을 측정할 수 있도록 조작폭, 읽기폭 실험을 실시하였다. 연구자는 실험참가자에게 컴퓨터 화면에 제시되는 과제를 수행하게 한 뒤, 시행 종료 표시가 나타났을 때 실험 참가자가 과제 동안 외운 단어 및 어미의 개수를 채점지에 기입하였다. 그 결과, 분노반추와 작업 기억용량은 분노경험 및 표현에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 분노반추가 분노경험을 증가 또는 감소시키는 데 작업 기억용량이 조절효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 작업 기억용량이 분노경험을 감소시킬 수 있는 보호요인으로 작용할 수 있으며, 따라서 기존의 우울이나 불안과 같은 부정적 정서에서와 마찬가지로 분노문제를 가진 환자에게도 작업 기억용량 훈련과 같은 치료적 작업이 효과적일 수 있다는 시사점을 제공한다.
Abstract
Assuming anger rumination as a cognitive variable influencing anger experience (trait anger) and expression, this study attempts to explore the role of working memory capacity as a variable controlling the relationship between anger rumination and anger. For this study, a questionnaire survey and a working memory capacity experiment was conducted on 120 university students. Reading the research methods, the study was explained to the participants, who in turn were encouraged to compose questionnaires. When the experiment completion signs appeared after completion of the experimental tasks, the examiner was allowed to fill in the test form with the number of words and endings that the participants had memorized. The results of this study were as follows. First, three sub-factors of anger rumination all showed positive correlation with trait anger, and with anger-in/anger-out, two of three sub-factors of anger expression excluding anger-control. Second, the sub-factors of anger rumination and working memory capacity had significant influence on trait anger and anger expression. Third, as a result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis for examination of control effects, working memory capacity showed interactive effects in its relations with anger rumination and trait anger, meanings that working memory capacity had influence on increase or decrease of anger experience in the relations.
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