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고객불량행동이 직무소진과 서비스 성과에 미치는 영향 : 서비스품질 몰입의 조절된 매개효과

The Effects of Dysfunctional Customer Behavior on Job Burnout and Service Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model of Commitment to Service Quality

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 서비스 조직에서 직원들이 빈번하게 경험하는 스트레스 원인 중 하나인 고객불량행동이 서비스 성과에 미치는 영향에서 직무소진이 가지는 매개효과를 검증하고 서비스 직원이 보유하고 있는 자원이자 투자인 서비스품질 몰입의 조절효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구의 표본은 서울지역과 안산지역에서 고객과 대면으로 상호작용하는 서비스 직원(백화점, 레스토랑, 카페, 은행, 보험 영업, 자동차 영업)이며, 총 583부의 유효한 설문지를 수집하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 목적에 따라 수행된 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고객불량행동은 직무소진을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 고객불량행동과 서비스 성과의 영향관계에서 직무소진은 매개역할을 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 고객불량행동은 직무소진을 통해서 서비스 성과를 감소시켰다. 셋째, 이러한 매개효과를 서비스품질 몰입이 조절할 수 있는지 살펴본 결과, 서비스 직원이 보유하고 있는 높은 수준의 서비스품질 몰입은 고객불량행동이 직무소진을 통해 서비스 성과에 미치는 매개효과를 증가시키는 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서의 결과를 바탕으로, 고객불량행동이 서비스 성과에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 서비스 매니저와 조직은 적극적으로 대처하여 최소화시켜야 할 것이다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dysfunctional customer behavior, which is one of the stressors frequently experienced by employees in service organizations, on service performance via burnout and to examine the moderating effect of commitment to service quality. This study collected 583 survey data from frontline employees who work at department store, restaurant, cafe, bank, insurance sales, automobile sales in Ansan and Seoul. The results of study conducted according to the purpose of this study are summarized as follows. First, dysfunctional customer behavior positively influences job burnout. Second, job burnout mediates the relationship between dysfunctional customer behavior and service performance. Third, commitment to service quality increases the indirect effects of job burnout on the relationship between dysfunctional customer behavior and service performance. As in the research results, service manager and organization should actively develop the strategy that minimizes the negative influence of dysfunctional customer behavior on service performance.

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