미숙아의 생물학적 리듬에 관한 주기적 빛 조절의 효과
Effects of Cycled Lighting on Circadian Rhythms of Premature Infants
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미숙아에게 낮과 밤을 경험할 수 있도록 주기적 빛 조절을 제공할 경우 미숙아의 성장과 발달에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하고자 본 연구에서는 실험군에게는 평균 27.6일 동안 오전 7시부터 오후 7시까지(낮주기) 보육기 혹은 아기바구니 덮개를 벗겨서 신생아중환자실의 인공광선과 자연광선에 노출되도록 하였고, 오후 7시부터 오전 7시까지(밤주기)는 보육기 혹은 아기바구니 덮개를 덮어서 빛을 차단하였다. 연구결과 체중증가나 입원기간은 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으나 실험군은 신경행동학적 발달이 더 빠르고 낮 수면시간과 총 수면 시간이 더 길었으며 낮 수면의 규칙성이 대조군보다 높아 본 연구에서 적용된 주기적 빛 조절은 미숙아의 성장과 신경행동학적 발달에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 가능성을 확인했다고 생각된다. 대상자의 수가 적어 통계적인 유의성을 확인하기는 어려웠으나 본 연구를 통해 미숙아의 생물학적 리듬 형성에 도움이 되는 중재방법의 하나로 간호 실무현장에서 활용을 고려할 수 있는 새로운 간호중재를 제시했다는 데 본 연구의 의의가 있을 것으로 본다.
Abstract
Purpose: Instead of a chaotic non circadian environmental approach, continuing regular day-night rhythm in neonatal nurseries may benefit the development of preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to define the effects of cycled lighting on circadian rhythms of premature infants. Methods: The experimental group included 15 preterm infants, and the control group, 15 premature infants in the NICU of a general hospital in Seoul. All infants were between 32 and 37 weeks’ postconceptional age. The experimental group infants were provided with cycled lighting before discharge. The incubator or bassinet cover of the experimental group was off between 7 AM and 7 PM, and was covered between 7 PM and 7 AM. Results: There were significant differences in the NNNS score (p=.039), and some significant differences in the sleep-activity pattern between the experimental group and the control group, but distinct differences in sleep-activity patterns between the two groups could not be defined. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cycled lighting can be helpful in the neurobehavioral development of preterm infants. By modifying the NICU environment to provide a more developmentally supportive milieu, nursing professionals can better meet the infants’ physiologic and neurobehavioral needs.
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