인공지능과 법원의 분쟁해결-최근 영미법국가들의 인공지능 법제
Artificial Intelligence and Courts’ Dispute Resolution - A Recent ‘AI’ Legislation in Common Law States -(USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Newzeal land)
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일반적으로 법과 알고리즘의 미래는 매우 유망하다. 미국의 다수 주 정부들은 낡고 차별적인 보석 제도를 대체하고자 인공지능을 사용하고 있다. 가석방 위원회는 재범 위험을 줄이기 위해 알고리즘에 의존하고 있다. 그들은 행위자들이 가장 효과적으로 제한된 자원을 배분하여 관행을 현대화하고 편견을 줄이며 정의를 구현하고자 한다. 이 글은 인공지능이 법사회적 의미에서 사법제도의 개선과 법치주의 강화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 살펴본다(Ⅰ). 2013년 이래 미국의 대규모 수감자 사태와 인종차별의 판결의 법사회적 근본문제를 해결하고자 인공지능이 형사판결에 적용되면서 알고리즘의 헌법문제가 제기되었다(Ⅱ). 현재 영미법(common law) 국가들(미국, 영국, 캐나다, 호주, 뉴질랜드)에서 인공지능이 법치국가를 구현하기 위해서 온라인 법률조력과 온라인 소송을 시행하고 있다. 특히 인공지능이 법관의 판결에 미치는 영향에 대해서 구체적으로 살펴본다(Ⅲ). 끝으로, 코먼로 국가에서 사법개혁과 법치국가를 강화하는 인공지능의 영향력에 대한 시사점을 본다(Ⅳ).
Abstract
In general, the future of Artificial Intelligence Law is very promising. In general, the future of law and algorithms is very promising. Modern Commons law states are using artificial intelligence to replace the outdated and discriminatory bail system. The parole board relies on algorithms to reduce the risk of recidivism. They allow actors to most effectively allocate limited resources to modernize legal practices, reduce bias and implement legal justice. The article looks at the legal and social background and significance of artificial intelligence technology contributing to the judicial system and the rule of law in recent U.S. and Common law countries. Since 2013, the constitutional issue of algorithms has been raised as artificial intelligence has been applied to criminal rulings in order to solve the legal and social fundamental problems of the U.S. large-scale inmate situations and rulings on racism (II). Currently, artificial intelligence in the United States, Britain, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand is implementing online legal assistance and online lawsuits to implement the rule of law. Specifically, we look at the impact of artificial intelligence on judges’ decisions (III). Finally, we look at implications for the influence of artificial intelligence in the Common law states that strengthen judicial reform and the rule of law (IV).
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