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남중국해 스카버러 숄 영유권을 둘러싼 필리핀과 중국 간 분쟁양상의 본질 : 영유권 주장의근거와 분쟁해결 접근방식의 차이

The Root of Territorial Dispute Situations between the Philippines and China over the Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea: Focused on the Differences in the Basis of its Ownership Claims and the Approach of its Dispute Settlement

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초록

본 연구는 서론의 분석틀에서 제시된 일종의 가설 즉, 남중국해 스카버러 숄 영유권을 둘러싼 필리핀과 중국 간 분쟁양상의 본질(the root)은 두 가지 측면 - 하나는 영유권 주장의 근거, 또 다른 하나는 영유권 분쟁해결의 접근방식 - 에서 양국이 분명한 차이를 보이기 때문일 것이라는 점을 논리적으로 입증시키는 것이었다. 연구결과, 스카버러 숄에 대한 영유권 주장의 근거에 있어서 필리핀은 지리적 근접성과 배타적 경제수역(EEZ)의 원칙, 그리고 국제법에서 제시하고 있는 사법적 기준에 따른 ‘실효지배’ 등을 내세우고 있는 반면에 중국은 역사성을 비롯하여 ‘남해구단선(nine-dotted line)’이라는 논리와 함께 싼사시(三沙市; Sansha City)를 설립 운영함으로써 스카버러 숄에 대한 본격적인 ‘실효지배’를 실시하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 한편, 스카버러 숄 분쟁해결을 위한 접근방식에 있어서도 필리핀의 경우에는 아이디얼폴리틱(idealpolitik) 접근방식을 선호하는데 반해, 중국의 경우에는 리얼폴리틱(realpolitik) 접근방식을 선호하여 그 해결의 접점을 찾기가 결코 쉽지 않은 상황이라는 점도 확인했다. 본 연구는 이러한 점을 고려해서 마지막으로 스카버러 숄을 둘러싼 필리핀과 중국 간의 영유권 분쟁문제에 대한 향후전망을 내린 것이다.

Abstract

This study was to logically demonstrate a sort of hypothesis, which is proposed in the analytical framework of introduction, that the root of dispute situations between the Philippines and China over the Scarborough Shoal's ownership in the South China Sea showed great differences in the two aspects – the basis of its ownership claims; and the approach of its dispute settlement - between them. In the results of research, the researcher found out that the Philippines insists on the geographical proximity, the principle of EEZ, and the effective occupation according to the juridical criteria proposed by the international law over the ownership of Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea, whereas China insists on the historical facts, the logic of Nine-Dotted Line, and the full scale effective occupation operated by the establishment of Sansha City over the Scarborough Shoal. Meanwhile, the research confirmed that the Philippines prefer an Idealpolitik approach to the dispute settlement of Scarborough Shoal issue, whereas China prefer an Realpolitik approach to that. In consideration of these, the researcher finally had perspectives upon the territorial dispute in the Scarborough Shoal between the Philippines and China.

참고문헌 (67)

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