대학생의 아동기 ADHD의 지속 및 감소와 성인기 ADHD의 발현에 따른 유병률과 부적응: 실행기능 결함, 심리적 부적응 및 대인관계 문제를 중심으로
The Prevalence and Maladjustments According to Persistence & Decline of Childhood ADHD and Late-onset of Adulthood ADHD in College Students: Executive Functioning Deficits, Psychopathology and Interpersonal Problems
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초록
본 연구에서는 대학생의 아동기 ADHD 증상의 변화와 성인기 ADHD 증상에 따른 네 집단(지속, 감소, 발현, 정상 집단) 간 실행기능 결함, 심리적 부적응 및 대인관계 문제의 차이를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 지역사회의 1,082명의 남녀 대학생(남 445명, 여 637명)을 대상으로 아동기 ADHD 증상(Childhood Symptom Scale), 성인기 ADHD 증상(Current Symptom Scale, K-AADHDS), 실행기능 결함(KBDEFS), 심리적부적응(SCL-90-R), 대인관계문제(KIIP-SC)에대한자기보고평가를실시하였다. 연구결과, DSM-5의 진단기준에 따라 ADHD 집단을 선별한 결과 대학생 집단에서 아동기 ADHD의 유병률은 7.3% (79명)로 나타났고, 성인기 ADHD의 유병률은 6.2% (67명)로 나타났다. 아동기 ADHD 증상의 변화에 따른 아동기 증상지속 및 감소집단, 성인기의 늦은 발현집단 및 정상집단 간 차이를 검증한 결과, 아동기 ADHD의 지속집단이 실행기능에서 가장 큰 결함을 나타냈고, 발현집단의 실행기능 결함이 감소집단 보다 유의하게 높았고, 정상집단의 실행기능 결함이 유의하게 가장 낮았다. 또한 지속집단과 발현집단의 대인관계 문제와 심리적 부적응 점수가 감소집단과 정상집단보다 유의하게 높았다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in executive function deficits, psychopathology and interpersonal problems between four groups (persistence, decline, late-onset, & normal group) by changes in childhood ADHD symptoms and adult ADHD symptoms in college students. For this purpose, 1,082 college students (445 males, 637 females) completed self-report measures of the Childhood ADHD Symptom Scale, Current ADHD Symptom Scale (K-AADHDS), K-BDEFS, SCL-90-R, and KIIP-SC. The prevalence of childhood ADHD in the college students was found to be 7.3% and that of ADHD in adulthood was 6.2%, according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Verification of the differences between groups indicated that the persistence group of childhood ADHD showed the highest score of the executive function deficits that the score of the late-onset adulthood ADHD group were significantly higher than those of the decline and normal groups. Also, the interpersonal problem and psychopathology scores of the persistence and late-onset groups were significantly higher than those of the decline and normal groups.
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