자해하는 화자(話者)의 상황 통제력과 청자(聽者)의 부담감에 따른 자기개방 반응 차이: 귀인 모델을 중심으로
Different Responses to Self-Injury Disclosures Based on the Self-Injurer’s Controllability and Perceived Burdensomeness: An Application of the Attribution Model
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참고문헌
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초록
자해하는 초기 성인 과반수가 외로움을 해소하기 위하여 주변인에게 자기개방을 시도하지만, 우호적인 반응으로 이어지지 않아 좌절하는 경우가 흔하다. 특히 자해하는 사람은 타인을 조종하려는 의도를 숨기고 있다는 편견이 자기개방 청자의 거부 반응에 영향을 미친다. 편견 반응을 촉발하는 2요소(자해하는 사람의 통제력, 청자의 심리적 부담)를 제시한 귀인 모델이 국외에서 타당화 되었지만, 국내에서 귀인 모델의 적용 가능성을 살핀 연구는 없었다. 이에 본 연구는 초기 성인 198명(평균 22.7세, 53.54% 여성)을 대상으로, 반응 촉발 2요소 수준을 조작한 시나리오를 제시하고 유발된 반응을 비교함으로써 귀인 모델이 젊은 한국인의 반응을 설명하는 데에도 유효한지 확인하였다. 연구결과, 귀인 모델의 가정처럼 자기개방 청자의 입장이 된 참여자들은 자해하는 사람이 호소문제(예: 구직스트레스)를 본인의 의지로 바꿀 수 있다고 판단한 경우, 그리고 자기개방을 하며 청자에게 이해받고 싶은 마음을 표현한 경우는 그렇지 않은 경우보다 덜 공감적인 반응을 했고, 그 심각성을 더 축소 평가했으며, 자해하는 사람의 진실성을 더 불신하는 반응을 보였다. 추가적으로, 이러한 결과에 대한 성차를 탐색했으며, 연구결과를 한국문화의 특징을 반영하여 해석하고 자해 개입에 활용하기 위한 방안을 모색하였다.
Abstract
Although more than half of the self-injuring young people self-disclose to others, unsympathetic reactions often discourage their need for support. Although biases toward the self-injuring persons (i.e., self-injurers’ controllability and other perceived burdensomeness) were identified across different countries as triggers for the unsympathetic responses, no studies existed regarding how the biases play a role in the unsympathetic responses among South Korea youths. The study aimed to examine the role of the two biases in Korean youths' responses (N = 198) to self-injuring persons. The findings indicated that those who expected higher levels of controllability and burdensomeness from the self-injuring persons were more likely to show significantly lower levels of empathy, acknowledgement of severity of the self-injuring behaviors, and trust.
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