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자해 관련 자기개방 내용에 따른 공감 반응 차이: 온라인 고민상담 사이트를 중심으로

Empathic and Apathetic Reactions to Disclosures of Self-injury: Focusing on South Korean Internet Forum

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주제분류심리과학

초록

자해하는 청소년과 초기성인들이 온라인상에서 자기개방을 하는 사례가 늘고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 인터넷에 올라온 자해 관련 글들을 확인하고 자기개방이 어떤 반응을 유발하는지를 파악하기 위하여, 특히 공감을 불러일으키는 정도를 중심으로 자해에 대한 일반 온라인 이용자들의 반응을 검토하였다. 네이버 지식인에 게시된 16,645개의 자해 고민 글과 이에 대한 29,988개 답글 중 양질의 자료를 채택하고, 자기개방의 결과로 공감을 받은 사례(236건)와 공감을 받지 못한 사례(191건)를 분류하였다. 사례별 특징을 파악하기 위하여 확률추론을 통해 다량의 글 속에 잠재된 주제들을 발견하는 잠재 디리클레 할당 토픽모델링(latent dirichlet allocation topic modeling)을 포함한 양적인 텍스트 분석을 실시하고, 그 결과를 귀인 모델(attribution model)을 준거로 검토하였다. 연구결과, 호소문제는 개인내적, 제도적(병역의무 등) 및 대인관계 고충으로 구분되었으며, 일반 온라인 이용자들은 귀인 모델과 일관되게 가정폭력 등 불의의 사건과 관련된 자해에 대해서는 적극적으로 공감했지만, 자해하는 사람이 특혜를 바란다고 인식되거나 관계 불만족을 주된 스트레스로 호소했을 때는 정서적으로 거리를 두고 공감하지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 편견에 의해 특정 호소문제의 심각성이 축소 평가될 가능성을 보여주며, 심리교육 방안과 상담 및 심리치료 실무자를 위한 제안 점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore a growing number of self-disclosures online on self-injury behavior among young South Koreans. The study examined 16,645 online posts self-diclosing self-injury behaviors in “Naver Knowledge-In” forum (ie., “the Google of South Korea") and their 29,988 comments, resulting in the categorization of two groups of commnet: emphatic comments (n=236) and non-empathic comments (n=191). Text analyses including latent dirichlet allocation topic modeling were conducted, and the results were reviewed using attribution model elaborated by Corrigan et al. (2003). The findings of this study indicated that intrapersonal, institutional, and interpersonal concerns were expressed, and that online users tended to empathize with online posts self-disclosing trauma-related self-injury behaviors (eg., domestic violence), whereas being less emphatic with self-disclosure of self-injury behaviors that seemingly sought attention for preferential treatment of dissatisfaction in relationship. Implications of the study are discussed.

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