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지역경찰관의 바디캠에 대한 인식에 관한 연구

Police officers’ perceptions of body-worn cameras in South Korea

표선영
한국경찰연구학회 (Korean Police Studies Association)|2021.07|한국경찰연구 (Korean Police Studies Review)|제20권 제2호|pp. 217-248

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키워드

공무집행방해경찰Police바디캠바디캠에 대한 인식Body-worn cameras경찰-시민 접촉Perception of body-worn camerasPolice-citizen encounterInterference with public officials in the exercise of their duty

초록

최근 영미권 국가의 많은 경찰기관에서는 바디캠을 경찰활동에 적극 사용하고 있고 바디캠과 관련된 연구도 활발하게 수행되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 경찰 바디캠에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으나, 아직까지 우리나라의 맥락에서 경찰 바디캠에 대한 이해관계자들의 인식을 검증한 경험적 연구는 존재하지 않는다. 특히, 바디캠에 대해 지역경찰관들이 어떻게 인식하는지 확인하는 것은, 향후 경찰청이 바디캠을 공식 도입할 때 참고할 수 있는 유용한 정책 자료가 된다. 바디캠에 대한 경찰관들의 인식을 알아보기 위해, 151명의 지역경찰관들을 대상으로 설문지를 배포하여 자료를 수집하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 응답자들은 전반적으로 바디캠을 긍정적으로 바라보고 있었으며, 특히 바디캠 영상기록이 사건처리에 있어 좋은 증거자료로 활용될 것이라는 기대를 가지고 있었다. 그러나 바디캠을 착용했다고 해서, 경찰관의 시민들에 대한 행위나, 시민들이 경찰을 대하는 태도에 특별한 변화가 생길 것으로 보지는 않았다. 또한, 상당수의 응답자들이 경찰청 차원에서 바디캠 프로그램을 공식적으로 시행하는 것은 반대했는데, 그 이유로 경찰관들에게 장비 관리 부담만 추가될 수 있다는 점 등이 제시되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 경찰청에서 바디캠을 공식 도입하는 경우, 시간을 두고 점진적으로 도입해야 하며, 그 과정에서 현장 경찰관들의 의견을 수시로 반영해야 경찰관들의 바디캠 정책에 대한 수용도를 높일 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

There is increased attention on body-worn cameras among Korean police officers as a tool to support policing activities. However, the body-worn camera program has not yet been implemented officially in the Korean police force. Instead, many street-level police officers purchase body-worn cameras at their own expense and use them at their own discretion during a police-citizen encounter. Despite this great attention on body-worn cameras, there has been no empirical study that examined police officers’ perception of body-worn cameras in Korea. Given that street-level officers are a major interest group in the body-worn camera program, it is important to learn about how they perceive the advantages and disadvantages of using body-worn cameras. Examining officers’ perception of body-worn cameras provides useful evidence that can be used when the Korean police force makes a decision about the official implementation of body-worn cameras in the future. The current survey findings show that Korean police officers are supportive of using body-worn cameras during a police-citizen encounter, and they think that the footage of body-worn cameras can be used as high-quality evidence in the process of handling reported criminal cases. However, they perceive that wearing body-worn cameras would not change their own behavior or citizens’ behavior during a police-citizen encounter. In addition, many police officers do not agree that Korean Police Agency should take the lead in body-worn camera implementation. Concerns have been raised that, if a body-worn camera program is formally implemented by the agency, it could add equipment management responsibilities to officers and could lead to reprimand if the equipment is damaged. This finding implies that, if the Korean police force decides to implement body-worn cameras officially, they have to start with a pilot program and have to take time and expand the program gradually. In addition, the force needs to collect and reflect the opinions of street-level police officers in the process of forming the departmental policy of the body-worn camera program.

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