조선 여성의 儒敎化 연구- 禮의 기능을 중심으로 -

Abstract

How had Chosun women been confucianized? The confucianization in Chosun women is the process how they learned Confucian values and norms and formed identity characteristic according to confucian views of women. This study paid attention to“Ritual(禮)” as a foundation of confucianization in Chosun women. Ritual is the main mechanism which made Chosun society be confucianized. So, in three different aspects, this study analyzed the way how the ritual, which caused confucianization of Chosun women, affected Chosun society. First, how ritual could form the discourse to dominate standards and recognition is considered. Ritual had been considered as the standards of righteous human beings through “the ritual / non-ritual(禮/非禮)” discourse and it could strongly affect Chosun society to the extent of dominating its standards and knowledge. This discourse brought about spontaneous consent of Chosun women. Second, ritual was the way of dominating everyday life and the application of “Family Rites of Chu Hsi (『朱子家禮』)” which based on “ancient China's royal family structure(宗法)” occurred the change of family system, the old customs of Chosun became Confucianization. In these changes, from the traditional “a custom of the man residing for a set period of time at the wife's family home(男歸女家婚)”, there was great change of marriage custom with “a wedding system in which the woman lived in the man's home after marriage(親迎制).” This change of marriage custom moved the center of Chosun women's life from the maiden home to the husband's house. The life of the husband's house caused to Confucianizational establishment of Chosun women. Third, women are substantially dominated by the ideal type of women in Confucian views, a virtuous woman(女中君子). The idea of virtuous woman could make them to accomplish women's role provided as the womenly virtue and it could be the chance to achieve self-realization. At the same time, however, it functioned as a ideology to maintain the confucian patriarchism. Like this, ritual, operated in the process of confucianization, included both of identification(同一化) and othering(他者化) of women.