개화기 전후의 도덕과 교육과정에 대한 교육사적 고찰

Abstract

Confucianism was the Ideology of Chosun(Yi Dynasty) for more than 500 years. After 1876, however, it has experienced hard time by Japanese Imperialism under which Japan ruled Chosun(Yi Dynasty). It tried to be independent from Japan. Thus it has tried to reform the ancient regime under which education also took a step for the same purpose. This paper will focus on the reform of the moral education in the transitional period of late Yi Dynasty through early Japanese Colonization . There are two kinds of the reform. One was initiated by Chosun(Yi Dynasty) just before Japanese Invasion in 1895. The educational reform was autonomous. It has established its own curriculum, schools and so on. The other was done by Japan. The educational reform was heteronymous. In the same way moral education has been established. Chosun(Yi Dynasty) has a strong moral education program on the basis of Confucianism. The reform of moral education also was based on Confucianism. Moral education stressed on traditional virtues such as filial piety, loyalty to king, parents, and masters, brotherhood, and so on. The new moral curriculum tried to harmonize old and new virtues like individual respect and social ethics. But this reform failed because Japan colonized Chosun(Yi Dynasty) in 1910. After that Japan dictated the new moral curriculum. At surface it was almost same as the old one in the first stage. But when it applied to school environment, everything in moral education was put into frying pan to fire. In general moral acts should be conducted with free will and autonomy. But Japanese Imperialism enforced to act immorally. They enforced for teacher to teach against independent movement and traditional virtues and so on, because they are against Japanese colonization. In this sense moral education under the Japanese rule went totally wrong direction. There is no more Korean way of life in morality. Moral education was absolutely failed under Japanese colonization.