성리학의 몸공부 이해

Abstract

This research is a discussion about Body Study in Xing-Li-Xue(性理學). This study focusses on intrinsic nature of body, contents of body study and educational effects of body study. In Confucianism, body is a pathway through which inner virtue and emotions appear on the outside, a space of communication through which delicate nuances are exchanged, a screen on which one's social sense of value is projected, and a place open to reciprocal actions with others. In Confucianism, body is an intermediary of outward expression and inward accpetance of reaction, and it influcences human inner virtue. Thus, body study in confucianism is meaningful change of internal and external side. Propriety(禮) is content of body study in Xing-Li-Xue, which has established elaborate self-cultivation theory based on confucian understanding about body. Propriety has form, nevertheless, propriety may be understood as concrete clauses of natural principle, because form includes principle. Propriety may be obtained through quiet sitting when one is out of things, and through practice of concrete form of propriety when one copes and deals with things. Through quiet sitting, learners may reach a condition of mind which is free of their selfish desires and in which they can find out their original nature. Characteristic of study in Xing-Li-Xue is to emphasize to observe concrete clauses of propriety. The reason why Xing-Li-Xue emphasizes propriety is that Mind Study may be maintained through Body Study. Scholars of Xing-Li-Xue believed that Mind Study shall keep pace with pratice. They recognized it does not do so of itself and paid their attention to do so. In other words, rightful way of outer-side study is to get one's scattered mind under control by way of outer-side study with self-control and seriousness and is to concentrate upon oneself's actions again one by one with awaken mind. In this point, Xing-Li-Xue emphasizes subjective body study by doer with willingness. This kind of will may be achieved through continuous Body Study of XiaoXue(小學) style from one's childhood. In conclusion, plan of body study in Xing-Li-Xue is to arrange one's natural diposition good through quiet sitting in condition out of things, to cultivate one's mind through body study with self-control in everyday life, to look at clearly the conditions one got faced with, and to seek moderation through practice with will to preserve one's sense of value in condition of trouble.