연령과 살인범의 양형편차: 비선형 효과의 검토
Age and Sentencing Disparities among Murderers: An Examination of Nonlinear Effects
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 살인범죄자들의 연령에 따른 양형편차의 문제를 다룬다. 특 히, 본 연구는 연령과 양형 간의 비선형적 관계에 대한 심층적 탐구를 추구한다. 자료는 2005년 12월 현재 전국의 25개 교정시설에 수용되어 있는 366명의 살인범죄자들의 공식기록(판결문, 범죄경력, 수용자신분장, 수형자분류처우심사표 등)에 대한 조사에 기초한다. 본 연구는 연령의 비선형적 효과를 탐색하기 위해 여러 단계의 작업을 하였다. 분석결과, 법률외적 요인인 연령에 따른 형사처분의 불균형은 본 연구를 통해 실재 하는 것으로 입증되었다. 그러나 연령의 양형에 대한 효과는 선형적인 것이 아니라, 비선형적인 것으로 판명되었다. 각 연령대별 양형평균 간 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하였으며, 그 모습은 구체적으로, 10대의 형량 은 모든 연령층보다 크게 낮고, 20대가 가장 높으며, 그 이후로는 점차 감소하다가, 40대를 기점으로 50대 이후는 다시 약간 높아지는 '뒤집혀 진 U자'형 내지는 3차 함수의 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 또한 주요 양형인자들을 통제한 다변량분석에서도 변함이 없었다.
Abstract
This study addresses on the age differences in sentencing among murderers in Korea. Especially, this study tries to inquire the nonlinear relationship between age and sentencing in various ways. The data come from a 2005 year survey of official records of murderers and manslaughters prisoned in 25 correctional institutions. The findings from one-way ANOVA and univariate and multivariate OLS regression analyses indicate that the age effects are not linear, but curvilinear. The differences among age-group means of sentencing are statistically significant and the shape of age-sentencing relationship is so-called, the reversed 'U-shape' or cubic function shape. Specifically, the most serious legal disposal was generally given to the 20~29 age group, whereas both of the 14~19 and 40~49 groups got the least or less serious disposal. Interestingly, the average sentence of the 50+ age group was slightly longer than that of the 40~49 group. These results were not changed with controlling legal factors and extra demographic variables.
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