김정일 시대 북한의 체제유지와 실리사회주의

Abstract

Eleven years have passed since Kim Il-sung, North Korea's national founder and long-standing political leader from 1948 to 1994, died. Kim Jong-il succeeded political leadership immediately since his father's death and has ruled North Korea to the present, which generally comes to be called "Kim Jong-il's Period". And so-called "Kim Jong-il's Regime" was substantially initiated through constitutional amendment in 1998. The most fundamental strategies under his leadership are maintenance of North Korean regime and practical socialism. Accordingly, those two have been applied to all the spheres in North Korea's Lebensraum(living space) including politics, economy, international relations, etc. In North Korea, Seon Gun Jeong Chi(Army Priority Politics) has been concept-mapped as the most adaptive political method of socialism. This concept means leading guidance of other sectors by the military and Gun Min Ilchi(Military-Civil Identity). And it comes to pursue positive practicalism in the realm of economy, while thoroughly protecting socialist fundamental principles. The most conspicuous economic policy of practicalism is "7.1 Gyeongjae Gwanri Gaeseon Jochi(Economic Reform on July 1" in 2002). On the ground of this concept-mapping, North Korea's objectives of foreign policy is also security guarantee of its regime and economic practicalism. It can not be convinced that North Korea will proceed in the expected direction by Kim Jong-il's intention in the future. To fulfil its two main policies, regime maintenance and practical socialism, more concrete and decisive long-term programs are needed, with accompanied by domestic reforms. Kim Jong-il's present dilemma exists between its difficulty and inevitability of those dual tasks.