다문화주의에 대한 비판적 이해와 비판적 다문화교육론
Multiculturalism and Multicultural Education from the Perspective of Critical Theory
1
조회
0
다운로드
41
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본고는 제국과 다중이라는 두 가지 핵심어를 통한 비판이론의 관점에서 다문화주의를 바라보고, 그 실천적 방안으로써 비판적 다문화교육론을 소개하고 있다. 이를 위해 우선 다문화주의에 대한 비판적 이해로써 첫째, 다문화사회와 제국주의의 역사적 관련성을 논의하고, 둘째, Negri(2004)가 제시한 다중의 개념을 바탕으로 다문화사회의 사회구성과 민주주의의 실현방안을 논의하였으며, 셋째, 다문화사회가 전개되는 과정에서 나타난 다문화주의에 대한 다양한 시각들에 대한 비판적 재고를 시도하였다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 비판적 다문화교육론에서는 다중 사회에 기반한 다문화교육의 방향을 제시하기 위해 첫째, 다문화교육이 다루어야 하는 핵심적인 논점들인 차이와 편견, 자유와 평등, 그리고 정체성과 소속감 문제에 대한 비판적 재인식의 필요성을 강조하였고, 둘째, 다문화교육의 내용범주, 다문화교육에서 다루는 문화 개념 및 노동 교육에 대한 비판적 논의를 시도하였다. 그리고 마지막으로 다문화교육의 방법론에 관해 다문화교실의 다양성, 교육적 형평성, 그리고 교사의 역할 차원에서 논의하였다. 본고의 논의를 통해 지금까지의 다문화주의 및 다문화교육에 대한 학계와 교육계의 이해가 비판적으로 재검토되기를 기대한다.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is two-fold: A critical discussion on multiculturalism and the suggestion of critical multicultural education. First, this paper discusses multiculturalism from the perspective of Critical Theory, based largely on two key words, i.e., Empire and Multitude. In doing so, this paper juxtaposes the formation of multicultural society with the history of imperialism and introduces Negri's(2004) argument on Multitude. In addition, this paper critically comments on the various viewpoints of our society on multiculturalism. Second, this paper suggests the direction of critical multicultural education by discussing 1) the core issues of multicultural education: e.g., difference & prejudice, freedom & equality, and identity & belongings, 2) some critical viewpoints regarding the content, methodological approaches, and the roles of teachers for employing multicultural education. The discussion of this paper will provide a new paradigmatic viewpoint on the hitherto understanding of critical multiculturalism and multicultural education.
참고문헌 (92)
- 다문화 가정 학생 현황 (2010. 4.), "교육과학기술부", 교육과학기술부, ~ (2010)
- "왜 우리 밥그릇·일자리 빼앗나: 反다문화주의자들의 역습" (2011)[URL]
- 그린비편집부, "전지구적 자본주의와 한국사회: 다시 사회구성체론으로?" (2008), 도서출판 그린비
- 김순희, "다문화교육 연구의 현황, In 다문화가정 자녀를 위한 다문화교육 교재 저술: 다문화교육 연구방법을 중심으로" (2008), 교육과학기술부
- 이진경, "사회구성체론과 사회과학방법론" (2008), 도서출판 그린비
- 초·중등 교육과정 및 교과서의 다문화적 요소분석을 통한 개정방안연구, In 교육과학기술부 다문화가정학생교육 지원 사업 결과보고서, "조영달", 교육과학기술부, ~ (2009)
- 양계민, "한국의 다문화공간" (2011), 현암사
- 조정환, "인지자본주의" (2011), 도서출판 갈무리
- "2012년 프랑스 대선: 100일 앞두고 판세변화" (2012)[URL]
- 박휴용, "생태주의 이론과 CEMP 모형에 바탕을 둔 다문화교실의 교수방법론", 교육방법연구, 24(2), pp.379~403 (2012), 한국교육방법학회
- 추병완, "다문화적 시민성 함양을 위한 문화 감응 교수 방법 개발 - 교실 수업 전략을 중심으로 -", 교육과정평가연구, 13(2), pp.103~122 (2010), 한국교육과정평가원
- 황원영, "비판적 교육과학" (2003), 학지사
- Adorno, T., "Dialectic of Enlightenment" (2002), Stanford University Press
- Apple, M., "Ideology and Curriculum" (1979), Routledge
- Apple, M., "Official knowledge: Democratic education in a conservative age" (2000), Routledge
- Banks, J. A., "Multicultural Education: For Freedom's Sake" (1991), The Association for Curriculum Supervision and Development
- Banks, J. A., "Multicultural education: Characteristics and goals, In Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives", pp.3~28 (1993), Allyn & Bacon
- Banks, J. A., "Multicultural Education: Its Effects on Students' Racial and Gender Role Attitudes, In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education", pp.617~627 (1995), Macmillan
- Banks, J. A., "Multicultural Education, Transformative Knowledge and Action" (1996), Teachers College Press
- 김명정, "다문화교육 입문" (2008), 아카데미프레스
- Banks, J. A., "Democracy and Diversity: Principles and Concepts for Educating Citizens in a Global Age" (2005), Center for Multicultural Education, University of Washington
- Bennett, C. I., "Comprehensive Multicultural Education Theory and Practice(3rd ed.)" (1995), Allyn & Bacon
- 이채식, "다문화교육의 이론과 실제" (2009), 학지사
- Berger, P. L., "The Homeless Mind" (1973), Random House
- Berry, J. W., "Acculturation as Adaptation, In Acculturation: Theory, Models, and Some New Findings", pp.9~25 (1980), Westview Press
- Bhabha, H. K., "The Location of Culture" (1994), Routledge
- Bonilla-Silva E., "Racism without Racists" (2010), Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
- Bourdieu, P., "Cultural reproduction and social reproduction, In Power and Ideology in Education", pp.487~511 (1977), Oxford University Press
- Bowles, S., "Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life" (1976), Basic Books
- Brandt, G., "The Realisation of Anti-Racist Teaching" (1986), Falmer Press
- Brecher, J., "Globalization from Below : The Power of Solidarity" (2000), South End Press
- Chomsky, N., "Rogue States : The Rule of Force in World Affairs" (2000), South End Press
- Chomsky, N., "Power and Terror : Conflict, Hegemony, and the Rule of Force" (2011), Paradigm
- 'Cultural’ versus ‘culture’: Locating Intersectional Identities and Power, "Dhamoon, R.", Canadian Political Science Association, ~ (2004)
- Diamond, J., "Guns, Germs and Steel : The Fates of Human Societies" (1997), Jonathan Cape
- Eisenberg, J., "From neo-enlightenment to nihonjinron: The politics of anti-multiculturalism in Japan and the Netherlands", Macalester International, 22, pp.77~107 (2009)
- Ferguson, N., "Empire : How Britain Made the Modern World" (2004), Penguin Books
- Fish, S., "Boutique multiculturalism, In Multiculturalism and American aemocracy", pp.69~87 (1998), University Pressof Kansas
- Gaudet, S., "Identity maintenance and loss: Concurrent processes among the Fransaskois", Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 37(2), pp.110~122 (2005)
- Gay, G., "Culturally responsive teaching in special education for ethnically diverse students: Setting the stage", International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 15(6), pp.613~629 (2002)
- Giles, H., "The role of language in ethnic group relations, In Intergroup Behavior", pp.199~243 (1981), Basil Blackwell
- Giroux, H. A., "Theory and resistance in education : Toward a pedagogy for the opposition" (2001), Greenwood Publishing
- Goldberg, E., "Motivation, ethnic identity, and post-secondary education language choices of graduates of intensive French language programs", The Canadian Modern Language Review, 62(3), pp.423~447 (2006)
- Grant, C. A., "Desegregation, racial attitudes, and intergroup contact: A discussion of change", Phi Delta Kappan, 72(1), pp.25~32 (1990)
- Greene, M., "The dialectic of freedom" (1988), Teachers College Press
- Gutmann, A., "Unity and diversity in democratic multicultural education, In Diversity and citizenship education: Global perspectives", pp.71~98 (2004), Jossey Bass
- 정남영, "다중" (2008), 세종서적
- Hardt, M., "Empire" (2000), Harvard University Press
- Hirsch, E. D., "Cultural Literacy : What Every American Needs to Know" (1987), Vintage Books
- Hirsch, A., "Making the Second Ghetto : Racd and Housing in Chicago 1940-1970" (1983), Cambridge University Press
- Hudson, M., "Super Imperialism : The origin and fundamentals of U. S. world dominance" (2003), Pluto Press
- Jaidka, M., "India is my country but the world is my home: Transculturality through literature", Proceedings of cAIR10, the First Conference on Applied Interculturality Research, pp.7~10 (2010)
- Jameson, F., "Postmodernism or the cultural logic of late capitalism" (1991), Verso Books
- King, J. E., "Dysconscious racism: Ideology, identity, and the miseducation of teachers", The Journal of Negro Education, 60(2), pp.133~146 (1991)
- King, R., "culture, and the intellectuals: 1940-1970" (2004), MR. The Johns Hopkins University Press
- Kymlicka, W., "Multicultural citizenship: A liberal theory of minority rights" (1995), Oxford University Press
- Ladson-Billings, G., "Multicultural teacher education: Research, practice, and policy, In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education", pp.747~759 (1995), Macmillan
- Levett, R., "A Better Choice of Choice: Quality of Life, Consumption and Economic Growth" (2003), Fabian society
- 정남영, "히드라" (2008), 도서출판 갈무리
- May, S., "Critical Multiculturalism: Theory and Praxis" (2010), Taylor & Francois
- McLaren, P., "Revolutionary critical pedagogy", UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, 6(2), pp.1~11 (2010)
- Mittelman, J., "The globalization syndrome" (2000), Princeton University Press
- Murdoch, G., "Class stratification and cultural consumption: Some motifs in the work of Pierre Bourdieu, In Pierre Bourdieu (Vol. III)", pp.75~93 (2000), Sage Publication
- Negri, A., "Multitude" (2004), Penguin
- 정남영, "다중과 제국" (2011), 갈무리
- Nieto, S., "Affirming diversity : The sociopolitical context of multicultural education" (1992), Longman
- Nieto, S., "Affirming diversity: The sociopolitical context of multicultural education (2nd ed.)" (1996), Longman
- Noels, K. A., "Language in education: Bridging educational policy and social psychological research", pp.102~124 (1998), Cambridge University Press
- Park, H-Y., "Raising ambi-cultural children: Linguistic minority children's heritage language learning and identity struggle" (2008), VDM-Verlag
- Pasha, M. K., "Liberalization, state patronage, and the “New Inequality” in South Asia, In Critical Perspectives on Globalization and Neoliberalism in the Developing Countries", pp.71~85 (2000), Brill
- Pewewardy, C., "Culturally Responsive Teaching for American Indian Students" (2003), ERIC Clearinghouse on Rural Education and Small Schools
- Popkewitz, T. S., "Educational Knowledge: Changing Relationships Between the State, Civil Society, and the Educational Community" (2000), State University of New York Press
- Popkewitz, T. S., "The production of reason and power: Curriculum history and intellectual traditions", Journal of Curriculum Studies, 29(2), pp.131~164 (1997)
- Said, E., "Culture and imperialism" (1998), Vintage Books
- Sassen, S., "Guests and aliens." (1999), New Press
- Sassier, P, "왜 똘레랑스인가?" (2000), 상형문자
- Scott, D., "Providing for the priceless student: Ideologies of choice in an emerging educational market", American Journal of Education, 111(4), pp.523~547 (2005)
- Schumacher, E. F, "굿 워크" (2011), 느린걸음
- Sleeter, C., "Multicultural education, critical pedagogy, and the politics of difference" (1995), State University of New York Press
- Stephan, W. G., "Intergroup relations in multicultural education programs, In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education", pp.782~798 (2004), Jossey-Bass
- Taylor, C., "Multiculturalism and 'the Politics of Recognition'." (1992), Princeton University Press
- Tucker, W., "The Science and Politics of Racial Research" (1994), University of Illinois Press
- Learning Guide for Education for Peace, Human Rights and Democracy, "Tolerance, the Threshold of Peace : A Teaching", pp.1994, UNESCO
- Vygotsky, L. S., "Mind in Society : The Development of Higher Psychological Processes" (1978), Harvard University Press
- Vygotsky, L. S., "Tool and sign in the development of the child, In The Collected Works of L. S. Vygotsky (Vol. 6)", pp.1999, Kluwer
- Welsch, W., "Transculturality: Tthe puzzling form of cultures today, In Spaces of Culture: City, Nation, World", pp.194~213 (1999), Sage
- Wexler, P., "Curriculum in a closed society, In Critical Pedagogy, the State, and Cultural Struggle", pp.92~104 (1989), State University of New York
- Witkin, R. W., "Adorno on Popular Culture" (2003), Routledge
- Willinsky, J., "Learning to Divide the World : Education at Empire's End" (1998), University of Minnesota Press
- Wolfe, A., "Benign multiculturalism, In Multiculturalism in the United States: Current Issues, Contemporary Voices", pp.445~454 (2000), Pine Forge Press
- Young, M. D. F., "On the politics of educational knowledge", Economy and Society, 1, pp.194~215 (1982)
- "Liberal multiculturalism masks an old barbarism with a human face" (2010)[URL]
