텍스트마이닝을 활용한 전공자율선택제 관련 사회적 인식 분석
Analysis of Social Perception Related to the Major Selection Autonomy System Using Text Mining
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초록
교육부는 학생의 전공 선택권 확대를 위해 전공자율선택제 도입을 발표하였다. 본 연구는 뉴스 기사를 통해 교육부의 전공자율선택제 확대에 대한 사회적 인식을 알아봄으로써 정책적 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 분석 대상은 전국일간지 및 방송사의 전공자율선택제 및 무전공제 관련 기사 441건으로 하였다. 분석을 위해 R(4.2.2) 프로그램을 활용하였으며, 텍스트마이닝 기법인 엔그램(n-gram) 분석과 LDA 토픽모델링 분석을 실시하였다. 엔그램 분석을 통해 뉴스 기사에서 자주 함께 사용된 단어쌍을 확인하고, 자주 등장한 단어와 해당 단어를 중심으로 함께 사용된 단어들을 그룹화하였다. 이후 뉴스 기사의 토픽을 파악하고자 LDA 토픽모델링 분석을 실시하였고 총 5개의 토픽이 도출되었다. 연구 결과를 통해 ‘대입 전략과 관련한 수험생 혼란’, ‘대학 운영 측면에서의 재정적 약점’, ‘무전공 입학생의 중도탈락에 대한 우려’ 등의 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결론을 통해 정부가 정책 운영에 있어서 고려해야 할 부분과 대학의 대응방안을 논의하고 후속 연구를 제언하였다.
Abstract
The Ministry of Education announced the introduction of the autonomous major selection system to expand students’ major choices. This study aimed to obtain policy implications by examining social awareness of the Ministry of Education’s expansion of the autonomous major selection system through news articles. The analysis subjects were 441 articles related to the autonomous major selection system and non-major system from national daily newspapers and broadcasting stations. The R (4.2.2) program was used for the analysis, and n-gram analysis and LDA topic modeling analysis, which are text mining techniques, were conducted. Through n-gram analysis, word pairs frequently used together in news articles were identified, and frequently appearing words and words used together were grouped based on those words. Afterwards, LDA topic modeling analysis was conducted to identify topics in the news articles, and a total of five topics were derived. The research results provided implications such as ‘confusion among test takers regarding college entrance strategies,’ ‘financial weaknesses in terms of university management,’ and ‘concerns about non-major students dropping out in the middle.’ Through these conclusions, we discussed the areas that the government should consider in policy implementation and the response measures for universities, and suggested follow-up research.
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