페이오프, 그리고 경험과학으로서의 게임이론
Payoffs, and Game Theory as an Empirical Endeavor
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초록
본 논문은 게임이론에서의 교량원리 구축 문제 즉, 페이오프의 결정을 위한 객관적 지침의 제시 문제에 대한 해결책으로 제시되었던 방법들과 그들에 대해 가해졌던 비판을 소개한다. 이 작업을 통해 게임이론의 경험과학으로서의 가능성과 관련된 경제학의 철학 분야에서 이루어진 논의의 일부를살펴보는 것이 가능해지며, 최근 국내에 등장한 게임이론에 대한 과학철학적 주장도 비판, 보완될 수 있다. 구체적으로 본 논문은 그 과학철학적 주장에 대한 요약과 해석을 제시한 후, 경험과학으로서의 게임이론을 추구하던게임이론가들이 제시했던 교량원리들의 구체적 면모를 기술하고, 그 교량원리들에 대해 경제학의 철학 분야에서 가해졌던 비판의 핵심을 설명한다. 또한 이상의 논의들과 지난 30 40여 년간에 있었던 미시경제학에서의 변화에근거해 제시 가능한 경제학사 관련 작업가설 하나를 소개한다.
Abstract
This paper sheds light on the issue of providing game theory with bridge principles (or objective guidelines) for determining game players’ payoffs. By doing so, it calls attention to a subset of the recent discussions of game theory by philosophers of economics, with a view to critically examining Chung’s (2014)paper. To this end, this paper provides an interpretation as well as a précis ofChung’s (2014) paper, subsequently portraying the two bridge principles proposed by some of the well-known practitioners of game theory, and the criticisms levelled at them by philosophers of economics. In addition, a working hypothesis is introduced concerning the history of economics, on the basis of (a) the philosophical discussions summarized and examined in this paper and (b) the recent changes in microeconomics.
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