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직장인의 정서조절에서 마음챙김, 인지적 재평가, 그리고 주의회피의 관계

Emotion Regulation of Employees: Relationships Among Mindfulness, Cognitive Reappraisal, and Distraction

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 직장인을 대상으로 한 자기보고식 설문 조사를 통해 마음챙김의 부정정서 감소 효과를알아보았다. 이 때, 부정정서는 현재와 2개월 후의 부정정서를 종단적으로 측정하였다. 먼저, 기존의 정서조절 전략인 인지적 재평가 및 주의회피와 비교하여 부정정서 감소에 대한 마음챙김의 상대적 설명력을 비교하였다. 구체적으로, 마음챙김이 인지적 재평가나 주의회피보다 부정정서를 더잘 설명할 것이라고 예측하였다. 둘째, 인지적 재평가와 주의회피가 부정정서를 예측하는 데 있어마음챙김이 매개역할을 할 것으로 기대했다. 연구 결과, 마음챙김은 현재의 부정정서 및 2개월 후의 부정정서를 유의하게 설명하였고, 인지적 재평가와 주의회피를 통제한 후에도 유의한 설명력을 보였다. 또한, 주의회피가 2개월 후의 부정정서를 예측하는 것을 마음챙김이 완전매개하였다. 이러한 결과는 부정정서를 감소시키는 메커니즘에 대한 이론적 함의와 직장 내 정서조절 개입을위한 실용적 함의를 제공한다.

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of mindfulness on reducing negative affect (NA) in relation to the emotion regulation strategies of cognitive reappraisal and distraction. First, we aimed to compare the degree to which cognitive reappraisal, distraction, and mindfulness explained current NA and NA after two months. We expected that mindfulness would explain NA more than cognitive reappraisal and distraction would. Second, we examined whether mindfulness would mediate the relationships of cognitive reappraisal and distraction with NA. Based on self-report assessments collected from Korean workers, we found that both mindfulness and distraction were significantly correlated with current positive affect (PA) and NA and with NA after two months. However, cognitive reappraisal was correlated only with current PA. We also found that mindfulness fully mediated the relationship between distraction and NA after two months. These findings provide theoretical implications for the emotional process of mindfulness and practical implications for mindfulness-based interventions at work.

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