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목표명확성이 공공봉사동기(PSM)에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 심리적 임파워먼트의 조절효과를 중심으로

Importance of Psychological Empowerment for Goal Clarity and Public Service Motivation

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주제분류행정학

초록

본 연구는 정부조직의 목표 명확성을 높임으로써 공공봉사 동기를 향상시킬 수 있다는 기존의 연구에서 확장하여 목표를 달성하기 위한 개인의 재량권 수준에 따라 조절될 수 있다는 점을 실증적으로 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 그동안 이론적으로 명확한 목표는 개인의 근무 동기와 몰입 등에 긍정적인 관계가 있다는 점이 꾸준히 보고되었다. 하지만 많은 현실적인 제약과 레드테이프(red tape)로 이러한 관계가 약화되는 문제점이 발생할 수 있다. 아무리 명확한 목표이고, 공무원 개인이 목표를 달성하고자 하는 동기가 있다고 하더라도 실천에 옮길 수 있는 적절한 수준의 권한과 재량이 부족하다면 어떠한 현상이 발생할 것인가? 오히려 공무원 개인에게 무기력감과 불만을 야기할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제의식을 실증적으로 분석하기 위해 중앙부처와 광역자치단체 공무원을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과 조직목표에 대한 명확한 이해와 개인의 기여방법은 공공봉사 동기와 긍정적인 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 목표가 명확한 상태에서 개인에게 부여되는 적절한 수준의 권한위임은 목표 명확성이 공공봉사 동기에 미치는 영향을 더욱 크게 만드는 효과가 발생할 수 있다는 가능성을 보여주었다. 이러한 분석결과는 또한 정책과 사업을 위해 명확한 목표를 제시하더라도 공무원에게 적절한 권한과 재량을 부여되지 못하는 경우 개인의 공공봉사 동기 및 근무 동기로 긍정적인 효과가 발생하지 않을 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.

Abstract

This is study aims to examine the relationship of goal ambiguity with public service motivation. Previous literature emphasizes the importance of goal clarity when explaining public servants' behaviors, attitudes, and motivations. Despite the importance of goal clarity, public servants in practice may have difficulties with actualizing and implementing the ideas of goals due to the lack of authority and discretion. As a result, public servants are likely to be emotionally and motivationally affected in various manners. Given the situation of insufficient discreation and empowerment, there should be additional concerns about the relationship between goal clarity and public service a motivation. Bearing this point, this research aims to the role of psychological empowerment in explaining the relationship of goal ambiguity with public service motivation. The results indicate that the relationship between goal clarity and public service motivation can be either enhanced or diminished by the degree of psychological empowerment. This results imply that even if public servants recognize the clear goals and activities, public servants' intrinsic motivation such as public service motivation tend to be influenced by the degree of be empowerment which reflects the level of discretion

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