비교헌법학의 의의와 방법론
A study on the meaning and method of comparative constitution
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초록
The comparative constitutional law which belongs to constitutional study is to compare domestic constitutional law, International Charter and related theories, cases, social phenomenons with those of other countries. This has begun to be vitalized from 19th century, however it is identified that so many countries have referred to constitutional legislations of other countries in order to enact or reform constitutional law for a long time. Methodologies of comparative constitutional law are generally classified as parallel method, functional method, sociologic method and historical method, and categorized according to scope of legislation as macroscopic and microscopic comparisons. All of those have advantages and weaknesses, but functional, sociological and historical methods are more effective than parallel method to draw in-depth and rational conclusions. The Constitutional Court of Korea is applying the comparative constitutional law to process of judgement and tend to prefer to parallel method. Though conclusions of the constitutional trial have a decisive effect on basic rights of people, so the court has to reveal goals and standards of comparison, and make an effort to apply functional, sociological and historical methods for avoiding debates about result of trial and improving status. Meanwhile, the globalization of constitutional law is argued as regards comparative constitutional law, nevertheless constitutional principles and basic rights are cognized and realized differently following historical and cultural environments of every country. Therefore to support the opinion need to be carefully reconsidered.
Abstract
The comparative constitutional law which belongs to constitutional study is to compare domestic constitutional law, International Charter and related theories, cases, social phenomenons with those of other countries. This has begun to be vitalized from 19th century, however it is identified that so many countries have referred to constitutional legislations of other countries in order to enact or reform constitutional law for a long time. Methodologies of comparative constitutional law are generally classified as parallel method, functional method, sociologic method and historical method, and categorized according to scope of legislation as macroscopic and microscopic comparisons. All of those have advantages and weaknesses, but functional, sociological and historical methods are more effective than parallel method to draw in-depth and rational conclusions. The Constitutional Court of Korea is applying the comparative constitutional law to process of judgement and tend to prefer to parallel method. Though conclusions of the constitutional trial have a decisive effect on basic rights of people, so the court has to reveal goals and standards of comparison, and make an effort to apply functional, sociological and historical methods for avoiding debates about result of trial and improving status. Meanwhile, the globalization of constitutional law is argued as regards comparative constitutional law, nevertheless constitutional principles and basic rights are cognized and realized differently following historical and cultural environments of every country. Therefore to support the opinion need to be carefully reconsidered.
참고문헌 (42)
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