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사적 신뢰, 보편적 신뢰 및 제도적 신뢰 간의 관계: 발틱국가 중심의 사례비교연구

A Causal Mechanism among Three Forms of Trust: A Comparative Case Study of the Baltic Countries and Slovenia

김상묵|김승현
한국공공관리학회 (Korean Association for Public Management)|2018.12|한국공공관리학보 (Korean Public Management Review)|제32권 제4호|pp. 1-25|DOI 10.24210/kapm.2018.32.4.001

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참고문헌

키워드

신뢰trustinstitutional trustgeneralized trust보편적 신뢰사적 신뢰제도적 신뢰사례비교연구particular trust (personalized trust)comparative case study
주제분류사회과학일반

초록

이 연구의 목적은 세 가지 유형의 신뢰 간의 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 기존의 경험적 연구결과와 이론적 설명에 의거하여, 사적 신뢰가 보편적 신뢰로 확대되고 제도적 신뢰는 확산과정에서 중요한 역할을 한다는 가설을 도출하였다. 사적· 보편적 신뢰 간의 관계는 최근의 경험적 연구 결과를 재해석함으로써 그 인과관계를 밝히고, 이 과정에서 제도적 신뢰의 역할을 규명하기 위해서 보편적 신뢰의 결정요인들을 탈공산화 이후의 발틱국가들과 슬로베니아 중심의 사례비교방법으로 분석하였다. 차이법과 과정추적법에 의해 이들 국가들을 비교분석한 결과, 횡단면적 계량적 연구에서 밝혀진 주요한 사회경제적인 변수들이 설명하는 부분은 그리 크지 않고 정치적 부패와 같은 제도의 질이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 보다 구체적으로 부패의 상대적 수준이 아니라 개혁의 과정과 정도가 중요하다는 것을 규명하였다. 이 국가들이 처한 체제변화기에 있어서는 지속적이며 일관된 제도개혁의 노력과 성과가 보편적 신뢰를 향상시키는데 가장 중요한 매개적 역할을 한다.

Abstract

This study explores the causal mechanism among three forms of trust. It is hypothesized that particular or personalized trust is expanded to generalized trust by the mediating or moderating role of institutional trust. To test the relationship between the former two types of trust, this study reexamines the empirical evidences of other relevant research. To figure out the role of institutional trust in the expansion of generalized trust, it examines the Baltic countries and Slovenia during their post-communist transformations. They are compared by the method of difference and by process-tracing. The results show that socioeconomic variables are far less important than they are in the existing cross-sectional quantitative analyses. Instead, institutional quality such as the level of corruption appears to be more important. However, rather than the relative level of corruption, the progressive improvement of corruption control driven by the persistent institutional reform efforts effectively explains the rising level of generalized trust.

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