과학기술 제도혁신을 위한 국가연구개발혁신법의 기능적 역할과 개선과제

Abstract

The Republic of Korea is investing a significant amount of policy funds into the R&D budget at the government level, but it is still widely pointed out that there is a need to improve the R&D Paradox problem and the inefficiency of the R&D system. In response, previous governments have continuously announced policies on R&D system innovation, and this government is also putting forward institutional innovation and global R&D environmental response as key mechanisms that drive challenges and innovation. However, until now, Korea's legal system has tended to focus more on strengthening procedural 'principles' for a strict management system in the research field rather than having a flexible system to respond to the rapidly changing scientific and technological environment. The National R&D Innovation Act, enacted and in effect on June 9, 2020, is also believed to have prioritized regulating substantive content to integrate different R&D management systems for each department during legislative discussions. Therefore, this paper studied the legal challenges that the Innovation Act should improve in the future as a basis for pursuing institutional innovation in the field of science and technology. In particular, as securing national competitiveness is recognized as a critical issue due to competition for technological hegemony between countries in the global environment, the Innovation Act needs to explore and discover new systems in various aspects to quickly respond to the rapidly changing scientific and technological environment. In other words, the National R&D Innovation Act should not only be viewed as a legal nature governing procedural matters, but also a functional role as a supporting legislation to promote scientific and technological innovation. Accordingly, this study does not just discover the demand for revision of the current system, but proposes improvement tasks necessary for institutional innovation of science and technology from a mid- to long-term perspective. If we continue to improve the problems such as revitalizing the reuse of research data, expanding research on challenge innovation, and internalizing the concept of scientific truth proposed in this study, we will be able to develop into an innovation method suitable for the era of science and technology innovation.