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SPARK 기반 학교체육 프로그램의 청소년 건강(체력과 신체적 라이프스타일) 효과 및 경험적 의미 탐색

Exploration the Effectiveness of School Physical Education System Based on Spark in Health Promotion and Empirical Meaning of Students' Life

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참고문헌

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주제분류체육

초록

최근 학교에서는 교육 당국 주도의 학교체육 강화 정책으로 다양한 체육활동이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 중-고강도 신체활동량 증진이 선결되지 않는다면 이러한 활동의 건강 효과는 크지 않다. 이 연구에서는 대표적인 신체활동 증진 프로그램인 SPARK 프로그램을 기반으로 다양한 학교체육 프로그램(정과 체육, 학교스포츠클럽활동 수업, 방과 후 체육활동, 토요스포츠데이 활동)을 설계 및 실천하여, 그 효과를 건강 개선 효과와 경험적 의미 측면에서 검증하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구 목적을 수행하기 위해 이 연구는 혼합연구 설계 모형 중 강점 상호보완 관점에 따른 결합(blending) 모형에 따라 설계되었다. 건강의 개선 효과는 양적 연구를 통해 확인되었다. 변인은 체력과 신체적 라이프스타일이었으며, 사전·사후 설계에 따라 각각 헬마스와 IPAQ/ 3차원 가속도계로 측정 및 분석되었다. 경험적 의미는 질적 연구 기법인 포토보이스와 면담 기법을 통해 수집 및 분석되었다. 연구 결과, SPARK 기반 학교체육 프로그램은, 첫째, 건강 개선 효과 측면에서 전반적인 체력 증진 및 신체적 라이프스타일 개선에 기여하였으며, 그러한 결과에서는 젠더 차이(여학생<남학생)가 나타났다. 둘째, 경험적 의미 측면에서, 신체적 성취, 공간 및 시간적 의미 변화, 사회적 관계 변화로 나타났으며, 그러한 의미는 학교 내 운동하는 문화 구축으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합하여, SPARK 기반 학교체육 프로그램의 성과를 투입, 과정, 결과의 측면에서 살펴보았다. 마지막으로, 젠더 차이를 극복하기 위한 교수 방법적 대안 및 향후 연구 주제를 제안하였다.

Abstract

Recently, there have been diverse types of physical activities supported by government policy in S. Korea. However, these activities may not be effective if they do not reach to moderate to vigorous level. This study designed school physical education system based on SPARK program, which include traditional physical education, sports club based physical activity, after school physical activity, and Saturday physical activity, to evaluate its effectiveness associated with physical fitness and empirical meanings of physical activity. This study employed a mixed method research paradigm for better understanding. Among various mixed method paradigm stances, this study employed “blending strategy” for complementary analysis. First of all, the effectiveness in health condition was evaluated by quantitative data. Specifically, physical fitness and lifestyle were analyzed by Helmas, IPAQ, and Accelerometer respectively. Second, empirical meanings of physical activity were analyzed by both Photovoice and in-depth interview which are qualitative research method. The result of this study first showed that a specially designed school physical activity program based on the SPARK contributed to improve students' physical fitness and lifestyle as well, however, there were important differences between male and female students. Second, physical achievement, alteration of spatiotemporal meaning, and change of societal relationship emerged as important themes. Further, these themes showed that they played an important role to maintain students' motivation in physical activity and consequently physical activity promotion was invigorated in school. Based on these results, we synthesized investment factors and process factors and outcome factors respectively. Finally, we suggested alternative teaching methods and suggestions for following research to overcome gender issues.

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