대학 아이스하키 팀을 위한 의사소통 훈련 프로그램 개발 및 적용
Development of a Communication Training Program and Application for a College Ice Hockey Team
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 대학 아이스하키 팀을 위한 의사소통 훈련 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 국내 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수들과 지도자를 대상으로 진행되었다. 대학 아이스하키 팀 의사소통 훈련 프로그램은 개방형 질문지, 참여관찰, 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하여 요구분석을 실시하고 전문가 회의를 통해 개발되었다. 개발된 프로그램의 효과는 검사지, 경험보고서, 심층면담을 통하여 검증되었다. 본 연구에서 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학 아이스하키 팀 의사소통 구성요인은 여덟 개 요인(공감, 존중, 신뢰, 양방향 언어소통, 분명한 의사전달, 훈련프로그램 소통, 관계 확립, 결속력)으로 나타났으며, 프로그램은 여덟 개 요인을 바탕으로 총 3단계 12회기로 구성되었다. 둘째, 의사소통 훈련 프로그램은 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수들의 의사소통 만족도, 코치-선수 상호작용, 집단응집력, 운동성과를 통계적으로 유의하게 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그뿐만 아니라 구성원들의 공감능력, 사회응집력, 과제응집력을 강화시키고 의사소통 기법을 긍정적으로 변화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 개발된 의사소통 훈련 프로그램은 향후 스포츠 현장의 의사소통 훈련 프로그램 관련 연구의 기초자료를 제공하고 현장에서 활용되어 스포츠 팀의 효율성 및 수행력에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
This study was designed to develop a communication training program for college ice hockey teams and examine the effects of this program. College ice hockey players and coaches participated in this study. The various types of data were collected and analyzed to assess the needs of the program and to develop the program with expert meetings. To analyze the effects of the developed program, questionnaires, experience reports, and in-depth interviews were conducted as measures. The results of this study are as follows. First, ice hockey team communication consisted of eight factors (i.e., sympathy, respect, trust, two-way verbal communication, firm expression of opinion, training program communication, developing rapport, and cohesion). Thus, the program developed based on eight factors and consisted of three stages of total 12 sessions which was 90 min to 100 min long. Second, this program increased communication satisfaction, coach-athlete interaction, group cohesion and exercise effectiveness, and these quantitative results were statistically significant. Moreover, qualitative analysis revealed that this program enhanced sympathy, social cohesion, and task cohesion among participants as well as positively changed their communication skills better than before. The communication training program which was developed through this study could provide basic information of a communication training program in the sports domain and positively influence overall sports team effectiveness and performance.
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