대학 아이스하키 팀을 위한 긍정 심리 개입 프로그램 개발 및 적용
The Development and Application of Positive Psychological Intervention Program for a College Ice Hockey Team
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[목적] 본 연구 목적은 대학 아이스하키 팀 긍정 심리 개입 프로그램을 개발하고, 현장에 적용하여 그 효과를 검증하는 것이다. [방법] 국내 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수 78명을 대상으로 요구분석을 하고, 참여관찰을 실시하여 프로그램 개발을 위한 자료 수집을 하였다. 전문가 회의를 거쳐 최종 프로그램을 개발하고, A대학교 아이스하키 팀에 적용하였다. 프로그램 효과검증은 행복검사 I, 강점 인식, 팀 상호작용 검사지 사전 사후 통계 분석과 경험보고서 및 프로그램 평가지 작성, 선수 심층면담을 통한 질적 분석도 하였다. [결과] 첫째, 요구분석을 통한 구성요인 탐색 결과 상호작용, 강점 활용, 긍정 심리 등으로 나타났고 대표적인 요인들을 프로그램에 반영하였다. 둘째, 프로그램은 현장성이 높고, 신뢰도와 타당성을 확보할 수 있도록 문헌고찰, 참여관찰, 전문가 회의 등 다양한 방법과 통합 분석에 의거하여 개발하였다. 셋째, 프로그램 목표는 개인 및 팀원 강점 인식 기회 제공, 팀 상호작용과 행복감 증진이다. 넷째, 본 연구를 통해 개발한 프로그램은 대학 아이스하키 팀 선수들에게 행복감, 강점인식, 팀 상호작용에 있어 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났고, 긍정심리, 강점 인식 및 활용, 긍정적 상호작용, 팀 응집력 효과 역시 나타났다. [결론] 본 연구 결과는 팀 스포츠 현장에서 긍정심리학 활용 가능성을 보여 주며 팀을 위한 긍정 심리 개입 프로그램의 기초 자료로 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a positive psychological intervention program for a college ice hockey team and test its effects based on application to the team. METHODS The demands of 78 college ice hockey players were asked through open questionnaires. Collected results underwent integrated analysis to develop the desired program through the participants who were also observers of the team. The objectives of the program were established, and an appropriate program was developed based on the analyzed data, expert opinion, and precedent research. The developed program was applied to 26 players of a college ice hockey team to verify its effects. Tasks included writing experience reports and in-depth interviews. The Happiness Measures 1, Strength Knowledge, and Team Interaction Questionnaires were also administered. Collected qualitative data were categorized to follow inductive analysis procedures, while paired t-tests were performed for quantitative data using SPSS 25.0. RESULTS To improve the application of the program in real situations and maintain credibility and validity, the program was developed based on analyses of individual and team demands, methods of the participant as an observer, expert opinion, and other considerations. Statistically meaningful differences in positive psychological mind, happiness, recognition and utilization of strengths, team interactions, team cohesion, and so on were found using paired t-tests comparing data before and after the developed positive psychological intervention program. CONCLUSIONS Providing opportunities to recognize individual and team strengths and have valuable experiences for each player could enhance interactions between teammates and create a favorable team environment.
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