ACTN3 유전자 다형별 신장성 운동 후 근력, 근 통증 및 혈중 CK 활성의 차이
Differences in muscle strength, muscle soreness, and blood CK activity after eccentric exercise for ACTN3 gene polymorphism
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[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 신장성 운동 후 최대 근력, 근 통증, CK 활성의 변화를 관찰하여 ACTN3 유전자 다형별 회복의 차이가 있는지 검증하는 것에 있다. [방법] 연구 대상자는 건강한 20대 남자 50명을 대상으로 변형된 프리쳐 컬 기구에 앉아 팔꿈치 굽힘근에 최대 신장성 운동을 실시하였다. 운동 프로토콜은 25회/1set(총 2set), set 간 휴식 시간은 5분으로 설정하였다. 측정 항목 및 시기는 최대 근력 6회(pre, post, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h), 근 통증 5회(pre, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h), 혈중 CK 5회(pre, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h)이다. 연구 대상자의 ACTN3 유전자 다형성은 PCR을 사용하여 분류되었다. 각 변인들은 반복측정 이원분산분석을 실시하여 분석되었으며, 사후검정은 bonferroni 방법을 사용하였다. [결과] 본 연구에서 ACTN3 유전자 다형성의 분포는 RR(n=11, 22%), RX(n=25, 50%), XX(n=14, 28%)로 나타났으며, RR homozygote 집단(n=11), X-allele 집단(n=39)으로 분류되었다. 최대 근력(MIC)은 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타났으며(p<.05) 상호작용(집단xMIC)도 나타났다. 최대 근력에서 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타난 시기는 운동 직후, 48, 72, 96h이며 X-allele 집단이 RR homozygote 집단보다 더 크게 감소하였다. 근 통증(SOR)은 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타났고(p<.05) 상호작용(집단xSOR)도 나타났는데 운동 후 24h에서 X-allele 집단이 RR homozygote 집단보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 혈중 CK 활성은 RR homozygote 집단이 X-allele 집단보다 낮은 경향을 보였지만 집단 간 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). [결론] 결론적으로, 본 연구에서는 RR homozygote 집단이 X-allele 집단보다 최대 근력의 감소율, 근 통증 및 혈중 CK 활성이 낮게 나타난 것으로 보아 RR homozygote를 가진 사람이 X-allele를 보유한 사람보다 운동유발성 근육 손상의 위험성에 덜 취약할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the change of muscle damage markers after maximal eccentric exercise and to verify the difference of recovery according to ACTN3 gene polymorphism. [Methods] Fifty healthy males participated in this study. Subjects performed 25 times/1 set (total 2 set) maximal eccentric contractions of the elbow flexor muscles on a modified preacher curl machine with a between-sets rest time of 5 min. Maximal isometric contraction (MIC) was measured 6 times (pre, post, after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h). Muscle soreness (SOR) was measured 5 times (pre, after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h). Blood samples were collected 5 times (pre, after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h). ACTN3 gene polymorphisms were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analyzed using a 2-way repeated measure ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test. [Results] Analysis of ACTN3 gene polymorphism revealed the following distribution: 22% RR (n=11), 50% RX (n=25), and 28% XX (n=14). Individuals were classified into the RR homozygote group (n=11) and the X-allele group (n=39). MIC showed a significant difference between groups and interaction (p<.05). The groups differed significantly in MIC at 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h after exercise and the X-allele group decreased more than the RR homozygote group. The groups differed significantly in muscle soreness and interaction (p<.05). SOR in the X-allele group was significantly higher than in the RR homozygote group at 24 h after exercise. Although blood CK activity was lower in the RR homozygote group than in the X-allele group, but there was no significant difference between the groups (p>.05). [Conclusion] The RR homozygote group showed lower muscle strength reduction rate, muscle soreness and blood CK activity than the X-allele group. This indicates that RR individuals have a lower risk of exercise-induced muscle damage than those with an X-allele.
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