ACTN-3 유전자 다형성 간 장기간 트레이닝에 따른 유·무산소 운동능력의 변화
Change of an & aerobic capacity on long term training between ACTN-3 polymorphism
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본 연구는 태권도 선수들을 대상으로 ACTN-3 다형성별에 따른 장기간 훈련이 유·무산소성 체력요인 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 대학 엘리트 태권도 선수 122명을 대상으로 하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, ACTN-3 유전자 다형성 집단별에 따른 유·무산소 운동능력의 차이는 XX 및 RX type에 비해 RR type 집단이 다소 높은 결과를 나타내었지만, 집단 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, ACTN-3 유전자 다형성 집단 별 장기간 훈련에 따른 유·무산소 운동능력 변화는 유산소 운동능력 지표인 최대산소섭취량에서(VO2max) RR type과 XX type에서 증가하는 결과를 나타내었으며, 그중 XX type에서 다소 높은 변화를 나타내었으나 집단 및 반복 측정간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 최대심박수 변인에서는 XX type에서 가장 많은 감소를 나타내었으며, 반복 측정 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p<.05). 넷째, 무산소 운동능력 지표는 최대파워와 평균파워에서 반복 측정간 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때, ACTN-3 유전자 다형성 소유 형태에 따라서 특정 체력의 우위도를 평가할 수는 있지만 트레이닝에 따른 변화에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 추후 연구에서는 특정 운동능력이 형성되지 않은 대상으로 그 부모의 유전자 다형성 및 운동능력을 종합적으로 분석한다면, 특정 체력과의 연관성에 대한 좀 더 명확한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was conducted to measure how long-term training according to each ACTN-3 type group affects the factors of physical strength for Taekwondo players. The result of this study with 122-elite players is as follows. First, the difference of an & aerobic exercise performance according to ACTN-3 genetic polymorphism groups showed relatively higher in the group of RR type than XX and RX type. However, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Second, the change of an & aerobic exercise competence depending on long-term training for each ACTN-3 genetic polymorphism group showed the increase of maximal oxygen uptake, which is the indicator of aerobic capacity in RR type and XX type. Although the difference in XX type showed relatively higher, there was no statistically significant difference between groups and repeated measurements. Third, the biggest decrease in XX type on variables of maximal heart rate was shown and there was statistically significant difference between repeated measurements(p<.05). Finally, there was statistically significant difference between repeated measurements of peak power and average power for the indicator of anaerobic exercise competence. As a result of the study, although the advantage of certain physical strength depending on the types of ACTN-3 genetic polymorphism possessed can be measured, there was no statistically significant difference in changes according to the training. If further research, which shows comprehensive analysis of their parents' genetic polymorphism on subjects with no certain exercise competence built, is conducted, it is considered to have more definite result of correlation with certain physical strength.
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