유·청소년 스포츠 안전사고 발생 실태 분석 및 대처 방안 탐색
Analysis of the Actual Condition of the Occurrence of Sports Accidents for Children & Adolescents and the Search for Countermeasures
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[목적] 본 연구는 유ㆍ청소년 스포츠 안전사고 실태를 보고하고 안전사고를 예방하고 대처하며 지원할 수 있는 방안들을 제 시하는데 그 목적이 있다. [방법] 이를 위해 양적 및 질적 혼합 연구로 수행되었는데, 우선 학교안전공제회의 안전사고 데이터 총 284,429건을 분석 하였다. 그리고 스포츠 안전사고에 대한 구체적인 사례와 대처 방안 탐색을 위해 초ㆍ중등 체육 교사 8명을 대상으로 심층 면담을 실시한 후 귀납적으로 분석하였고, 그 결과는 다음과 같이 도출되었다. [결과] 첫째, 스포츠 안전사고 발생 실태 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 학교 내 안전사고는 해마다 크게 증가하였는데(2020년 41,940건, 2021년 93,147건, 2022년 149,339건), 1) 학교급에 따라서는 초등학교 및 중학교의 비중이 고등학교보다 컸 다. 2) 발생 시간에 따라서는 체육 시간의 안전사고 비중이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 3) 장소에 따라서는 운동장 및 부속 시설에 서 발생하는 비중이 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 4) 사고 행동에 따라서 유치원에서는 장난 및 놀이, 초등 및 중고등학교에서는 구기 스포츠가 가장 많았다. 5) 요일에 따라서는 주중에 주로 안전사고가 나타나지만, 주말에도 발생한 것으로 나타났다. 6) 발생 시기에 따라서는 학기 중 발생 건수가 많고 방학 기간에는 적었다. 7) 시간에 따라서는 오전 10시부터 오후 2시까 지의 비중이 높았다. 둘째, 학교 내 안전사고 대처 방안 마련에 대한 현장 교사들의 이야기는 다음의 세 가지로 범주화되었 다. 1) 누구에게도 언제 어디서나 일어날 수 있는 스포츠 안전사고, 2) 스포츠 안전사고 발생 시 교사와 안전공제회의 역할 및 대처, 3) 대처 아닌 예방으로 피해야 하는 스포츠 안전사고로 나타났다. [결론] 이에 상시적인 안전교육 프로그램을 운영함과 동시에 일상 홍보를 강화해야 하고, 예방적인 교사의 관찰 및 밀착 지 도가 필요하며, 적극적인 안전공제회의 역할 강화 및 정책적 지원이 요구된다는 결과를 도출하였다. 이외에도 학교 안전사 고를 예방하고 대처하며 지원할 수 있는 다양한 방안들을 제안하였다.
Abstract
PURPOSE Through analysis, this study reports on occurrences of children and adolescents’ sports accidents and presents measures to prevent, cope with, and manage school sports accidents. METHODS The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods. First, a frequency analysis was conducted using 284,429 safety accident data of the School Safety and Insurance Association (SSIA). Second, the inductive analysis method was applied to in-depth interviews conducted with eight teachers. RESULTS , accidents are characterized as follows: 1) At the school level, accidents have increased significantly every year in a large proportion of elementary and middle schools. 2) The span of time spent on sports was large. 3) Accidents happened at playgrounds and auxiliary facilities. 4) Accidents happened during kindergarten play and ball sports in schools. 5) The descending order of days with the most accidents was Thursday, Tuesday, Friday, Wednesday, Monday, Saturday, and Sunday. 6) Rather than a certain month, accidents happened across the school semester. 7) Most accidents occurred from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Second, field teachers’ stories were categorized into the following topics. 1) School accidents can occur anytime, anywhere. Whether mild or serious, they still had the burden of inevitable accidents. 2) Required: were prompt response and handling by appropriate teachers; timely treatment and recovery cost support; also procedurally simplified handling by SSIA was helpful. 3) Avoiding accidents requires the following:: regular operation of safety education programs; daily promotion of teachers’ preventive observation and close guidance; and active role reinforcement of SSIA and policy support. CONCLUSIONS Finally, measures to prevent, cope with, and manage school safety accidents were proposed.
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