배드민턴 서브 수행 시 숙련성과 성공유무에 따른 시각 탐색전략
Visual Search Strategies in Badminton Serve : Expertise and Performance(Sucess or Failure) Perspective
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[목적] 본 연구는 배드민턴 서브수행에서 숙련성과 성공유무에 따른 시각탐색 차이를 비교하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 이를 위하여 배드민턴 숙련자 6명(경력:10년 이상)과 초보자 6명(1년 미만)이 서브과제에 참여하였으며, 모든연구대상자는 숏 서브 과제를 수행하였다. 서브 과제를 하는 동안 안구움직임 추적 시스템을 착용하여 연구대상자의안구 움직임을 기록 측정하였으며, 연구대상자의 시선고정시간, 평균 saccade 크기, 시선고정위치에 대한 시각탐색률, 수행직전 마지막 시선고정시간, 시선 엔트로피를 분석하여 배드민턴 숙련성과 서브 성공 유무에 따른 시각탐색의차이를 살펴보았다. [결과] 첫째, 평균시선고정시간의 경우 숙련성, 성공유무에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 평균 saccade 크기는 실패 수행에서 saccade 크기가 증가하였으며, 숙련자가 실패 수행 시 더 큰 변화를 나타냈다. 셋째, 시선고정위치에 대한 시각탐색률은 실패 시 전체적인 시각탐색률이 낮아졌으며, 숙련자는 성공 수행 시에 네트와 공간에 대한 시각탐색률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 움직임 직전 마지막 시선고정시간은 숙련자는 초보자보다 성공 수행에서 긴 시선고정시간을 나타냈다. 마지막으로 시선 엔트로피는 성공한 수행 시 보다 큰 시선 엔트로피를 나타냈는데 이것은 다양한시각정보를 받아들여 수행했을 때 보다 좋은 결과를 나타냈음을 의미한다. [결론] 배드민턴 지도자는 서브를 지도 할 때, 성공적인 서브를 넣기 위해서는 상대의 위치나 외부 환경을 시선고정을통하여 충분히 인지하고 탐색한 후, 서브를 넣기 직전에는 네트의 흰선 혹은 상대 라켓과 어깨사이에 집중을 하여 성공적인 수행을 할 수 있게 지도 할 필요가 있다. 또한, 이러한 시선고정을 매번 일관되게 지속하는 것보다 상황에 따라서유동적으로 변화를 시키는 것이 중요하다.
Abstract
PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to examine the difference in visual search strategies based on the skill level in success and failure cases in badminton short serves. METHODS To this end, six badminton experts (experience: more than 10 years) and six novices (less than 1 years) participated. The participants’ eye movement was recorded during each trial, and mean fixation duration, mean saccade amplitude, percentage of viewing time on each fixation location, final fixation duration, and gaze entropy were analyzed. RESULTS First, the mean fixation duration did not differ significantly, but the mean saccade amplitude increased when expert players failed to perform the serve successfully. Second, the percentage of viewing time on each location results showed that the overall viewing time was lower when the performance was unsuccessful, and the expert players fixated longer time viewing the net and space when they made a successful serve. Third, expert players showed longer QE than novice players when they made a successful serve. Finally, the gaze entropy results showed that expert players showed greater gaze entropy during successful performance, indicating that the gaze pattern was randomly distributed across trials. CONCLUSIONS When learning a badminton serve, we should fully recognize and explore the receiver’s location and external environment, and subsequently, before initiating serve movement, focus on the net or space between the receiver’s racquet and shoulders to make a more successful performance. In addition, we should make various patterns of the visual search strategy, rather than the fixed or consistent search strategy, to deceive receivers.
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