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여성 노인의 복부비만도와 대사증후군의 관계에 대한 체력의 조절효과 분석

Analyzing the Moderating Effect of Physical Fitness on the Relationship between Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Older Women

이인환|김준웅|김민준
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2024.06|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제35권 제2호|pp. 195-206

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조절효과대사증후군Metabolic syndromePhysical fitness여성 노인체력Abdominal obesityModeration effectOlder women복부비만도
주제분류체육

초록

[목적] 본 연구는 지역 사회의 여성 노인을 대상으로 복부비만도와 대사증후군의 관계에 대한 체력의 조절효과를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 총 190명의 여성 노인이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 대상자들은 허리-엉덩이 둘레에 근거한 복부비만도에 따라 상위 50%와 하위 50%의 두 집단으로 분류되었으며, 체력 측정 결과에 근거한 표준화 점수에 따라 상위 25%, 중위 50%, 하위 25%의 세 집단으로 분류되었다. 이후 복부비만도와 체력 수준에 따른 대사증후군의 상대적 위험도를 산출하기위해 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 복부비만도와 대사증후군 위험 요인의 관계에 대한 체력 수준의 조절효과를 알아보기 위해 Process macro의 Model 1을 적용하여 조절효과 분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 공변량에 대한 보정 이후, 복부비만도가 높은 집단(OR=2.721, p =.004)은낮은 집단(OR=1)에 비해 대사증후군의 위험이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 체력 수준이 높은 집단(0.360, p =.044)은 낮은 집단(OR=1)에 비해 대사증후군의 위험이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 조절효과 분석 결과, 복부비만도가 대사증후군 위험 요인에 미치는 영향은 체력 수준에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며(β=-.495, p =.037), 공변량에 대한 보정 후에도 결과는 유의하였다(β=-.458, p =.049). [결론] 본 연구는 복부비만으로 인한 대사증후군의 위험이 높은 체력 수준으로 인해 완화될 수 있음을 의미하며, 이러한 결과는 종합적 차원에서 여성 노인의 대사증후군 예방을 목적으로 적절한 영양섭취와 높은 체력 수준을 유지하기위한 규칙적인 신체활동 참여가 중요함을 시사한다.

Abstract

PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze the moderating effect of physical fitness on the relationship between abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older women. METHODS A total of 190 participants were categorized based on waisthip ratio (WHR) into high (50%) and low (50%) groups, as well as based on Z-score of fitness into high (25%; high fit), moderate (50%; moderate fit), and low (25%; low fit) groups. Logistic regression was used to assess the relative risk of MetS based on abdominal obesity and fitness levels, and moderation analysis using the Process macro was conducted to explore the moderating effect of fitness on the relationship between abdominal obesity and MetS risk factors. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, logistic regression showed that high WHR (odds ratio (OR)=2.721, p=0.004) led to a significantly higher risk of MetS compared with low WHR; the high fit group (OR=0.360, p=0.044) had a significantly lower risk of MetS compared wih the low fit group. Moderation analysis revealed that the impact of abdominal obesity on MetS risk factors varied depending on the level of fitness (β=-0.495, p=0.037), and the results remained significant after covariate adjustment (β=-0.458, p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the risk of MetS from abdominal obesity can be mitigated by higher levels of physical fitness. These findings highlight the need for participation in regular physical activity to maintain a high level of fitness, along with proper nutritional intake, to prevent MetS in older women.

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