지리적 분산이 정책결정의 질에 미치는 영향 분석: 세종시 이전 사례를 중심으로
The Effect of Geographic Dispersion on Decision Quality : The Case of Sejong City
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초록
본 연구는 공무원과의 심층면담을 통하여 중앙부처의 분산이 정책결정의 질에 미치는 효과를 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 이론적 논의에 기초하여 지리적 분산의 하위 변수로 대면접촉, 시간압박, 집단토론으로 나누고, 정책의 유형을 정형적, 비정형적, 다부처 정책결정으로 구분하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 정형적 정책의 경우 전례와 SOP의 존재, 전자결재와 SNS의 활용 등으로 인해 중앙부처의 세종시 이전이 정책결정의 질에 미치는 효과는 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 비정형적 정책의 경우 대면접촉의 부족, 시간압박으로 인한 검토시간의 부족, 집단토론의 기회 축소 등으로 인해 정책결정의 질에 미치는 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 다부처 정책의 경우 중앙부처의 분산은 정책지원 공무원의 과부하, 집단토론의 곤란성으로 인해 정책의 질에 미치는 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 중앙부처의 세종시 분산은 비정형적 정책과 다부처 정책에 있어서 정확성과 적시성을 떨어뜨릴 수 있어 이에 대한 대책이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study analyzed how the geographic dispersion of central government departments influenced on the decision quality in public policy-making. We divided sub-variables of geographic dispersion into face-to-face contact, time pressure, and group discussion, and policy typology into routine policy, non-routine policy, and multi-departmental policy on the theoretical basis. To find out impacts of geographic dispersion on decision quality, we carried out mainly in-depth interview with directors and heads of the departments who play the key role in public policy-making. The analysis results are as followings. First, in cases of routine policy the impacts of geographic dispersion were insignificant, because government has overcome the troubles through the practical use of electronic approval and SNS. Second, in cases of non-routine policy the geographic dispersion had the negative impacts on the decision quality by the decreased opportunities of face-to-face contact and group discussions, but the increased time pressure to review. Third, in cases of multi-departmental policy the geographic dispersion also had the negative impacts on the decision quality due to increased time pressure and work overload of high-rank officials. Finally, we suggested that Korean government have to search the alternatives to cope that problem since the geographic dispersion decreased the accuracy and timeliness of public policy-making.
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