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재정분권이 경제성장에 미치는 영향분석 : OECD 회원국을 대상으로

Impact Analysis of Fiscal Decentralization on Economic Growth

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키워드

주제분류행정학

초록

재정분권에 관한 연구들은 재정분권과 경제적 효율성 간의 관계뿐만 아니라 재정분권과 경제성장 간의 관계에 주목하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 재정분권과 경제성장 간의 관계에 대한 명확한 결론은 제시되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 왜냐하면 재정분권과 경제성장 간의 관계는 다양한 요인들에 의해 영향을 받는 매우 복잡한 관계이기 때문이다. 재정분권은 경제적 효율성, 지역 간 형평성, 거시경제안정성, 부패, 민주적 거버넌스, 경제성장 등 다양한 결과들 사이의 상호작용을 포함한다. 그러므로 재정분권이 여러 가지 효과를 동시에 나타낼 수 있다는 점을 고려하여야 한다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 27개 OECD 회원국을 대상으로 재정분권이 경제성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 특히, 거시경제안정성이라는 재정분권의 잠재적 영향을 모형에 포함하면서 크게 2가지의 연구문제에 초점을 맞추었다. 첫째, 재정분권과 경제성장 사이의 직접적인 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 둘째, 재정분권, 거시경제안정성, 그리고 경제성장 간의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 첫째, 세입분권은 소비자물가상승률을 감소시키는 영향을 나타내고 있으며, 이를 통해 거시경제안정성에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째 재정분권은 경제성장에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 거시경제안정성은 경제성장에 긍정적인 요인으로 작용하므로 세입분권이 경제성장에 미치는 부정적인 영향은 거시경제안정성이라는 재정분권의 잠재적 영향에 의해 다소 완화될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

Abstract

The studies on fiscal decentralization have focused on the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth as well as the one between fiscal decentralization and economic efficiency. Definite conclusions about the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth, however, have not been presented because it is a very complex relationship that is affected by a variety of factors including the interactions of the results such as inter-regional equity, economic efficiency, macroeconomic stability, corruption, democratic governance, economic growth and etc. Therefore, the impact of fiscal decentralization should be considered with the various effects of it. From this perspective, this study is to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on economic growth targeting 27 OECD countries. Especially, this paper focuses on the following two research purposes, having the potential effects of fiscal decentralization on macroeconomic stability in the model. First, a direct relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth is investigated. Second, this paper tries to find the relationship among fiscal decentralization, macroeconomic stability, and economic growth. The results of the analysis first indicate that revenue decentralization has effects of reducing consumer price inflation, providing positive effect on macroeconomic stability. Second, fiscal decentralization is found to have a negative effect on economic growth. Finally, since the macroeconomic stability has a positive effect on economic growth, the negative influence of fiscal decentralization on economic growth would be somewhat mitigated by the potential macroeconomic stability of fiscal decentralization.

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