재정분권이 지역경제성장에 미치는 영향 분석 : Vo의 재정분권지수를 중심으로
Impact of Fiscal Decentralization on Economic Growth : Focused on Voʼs Fiscal Decentralization Index
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초록
이 연구는 Vo의 재정분권지수(FDI)를 적용하여 지방정부의 재정적 자율성에 따라 재정분권의 효과성이 달라지는지의 여부를 파악하고 있으며, 이를 통해 재정분권과 지역경제성장 간의 관계에 대한 보다 명확한 결론을 제시하고 있다. 분석결과 전통적 재정분권 지표를 사용한 모형의 경우 재정분권은 경제성장에 부(-)의영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 부(-)의 영향은 통계적으로 유의하지 않게 나타나고 있다. 반면에 Vo의 재정분권지수(FDI)를 사용한 모형의 분석결과 재정분권은 지역경제성장에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구의 결과에서 나타난 것처럼 재정분권이 지역경제성장에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인지의 여부는 재정분권을 수행하기 위해 설계된 제도의 적절성에 따라 달라질 것이다. 즉, 재정분권이 지방정부에게 세입・세출에 대한 실질적인 자율성을 제공하는 방식으로 이루어지는 경우 재정분권은 지방정부 간 경쟁을 통해 자원배분의 효율성을 향상시키고 궁극적으로는 지역경제성장에 기여할 수 있게 될 것이다.
Abstract
This study analyzes whether the effects of fiscal decentralization are changed by local governmentsʼ fiscal autonomy through applying Voʼs fiscal decentralization index(FDI). It also provide more apparent conclusion for the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth. The results demonstrate that fiscal decentralization affects economic growth negatively by the model in which uses traditional indicator, although this negative effect is not statistically significant. On the contrary, the result that uses the Voʼs FDI index reveals that fiscal decentralization has positive effect to economic growth. As the result from this study explains, the effect of fiscal decentralization to economic growth depends on the appropriateness of institution that is designed to perform fiscal decentralization. In other words, when the fiscal decentralization provides practical autonomy of tax revenue and expenditure to local government,it will increase the efficiency of resource allocation through competition among local governments that will eventually contributes economic growth of local government.
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