“不利”詞性、詞義新探
A Study on the Classification and Meanings of the Term “Buli”
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Many dictionaries like 《Xiandai Hanyu Cidian》, 《Dangdai Hanyu Cidian》, 《Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian》, argue that “Buli” has the meanings of “Meiyou Haochu” and “Bu Shunli” as an adjective. But I do not fully agree with it. “Buli” shall not have an object as an adjective, But in Modern Chinese, there is a case where “Buli” has an object. So I insist that “Buli” in this case is a transitive verb besides adjectives. According to my research, the adjective “Buli” has a functional word “Yu” after it. Unlike in Old Chinese, in Modern Chinese, “Yu” combines with “Buli”. As a result, “Buliyu” came to take an object as a prerdicate, and the meaning of “Buliyu” is “Dui······Meiyou Haochu”. Interestingly, “Yu” is often eliminated in Modern Chinese, in which case “Buli” becomes a transitive verb and the meaning of it is the same as “Buliyu”. So I argue that the transitive verb “Buli” has the meaning of “Dui····Meiyou Haochu”. Therefore, in my opinion, “Buli” should be readjusted as follows: 「【Buli】 búlì adjective ① Meiyou Haochu : 地形有利於我而～於敵。② Bu Shunli : 扭轉～的局面。transitive verb Dui······Meiyou Haochu : 異體字長期共存，～學習。」
Abstract
Many dictionaries like 《Xiandai Hanyu Cidian》, 《Dangdai Hanyu Cidian》, 《Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian》, argue that “Buli” has the meanings of “Meiyou Haochu” and “Bu Shunli” as an adjective. But I do not fully agree with it. “Buli” shall not have an object as an adjective, But in Modern Chinese, there is a case where “Buli” has an object. So I insist that “Buli” in this case is a transitive verb besides adjectives. According to my research, the adjective “Buli” has a functional word “Yu” after it. Unlike in Old Chinese, in Modern Chinese, “Yu” combines with “Buli”. As a result, “Buliyu” came to take an object as a prerdicate, and the meaning of “Buliyu” is “Dui······Meiyou Haochu”. Interestingly, “Yu” is often eliminated in Modern Chinese, in which case “Buli” becomes a transitive verb and the meaning of it is the same as “Buliyu”. So I argue that the transitive verb “Buli” has the meaning of “Dui····Meiyou Haochu”. Therefore, in my opinion, “Buli” should be readjusted as follows: 「【Buli】 búlì adjective ① Meiyou Haochu : 地形有利於我而～於敵。② Bu Shunli : 扭轉～的局面。transitive verb Dui······Meiyou Haochu : 異體字長期共存，～學習。」
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