근대시기 교과서에 나타난 19세기 상해방언의 특징 연구 - Jenkins(186?)의 문헌적 성격과 언어학적 특징을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to examine the linguistic properties of the modern Shanghai dialect based on the linguistic data reflected in a textbook written in the 19th century. To this end, we investigate Jenkins (186?) which adopts the Ollendorff system. For the first, to show the nature of the textbook more precisely, this paper introduces several philological details of it. By doing so, it is clarified that the first publication of the original copy dates back to 1860's. Taken together, the nature of the modern Shanghai data in it is also verified. Given all this, several linguistic properties of the modern Shanghai dialect are discussed. First, focusing on the lexicon introduced by the textbook, it is claimed that the initial consonant [ȵ] had become a phoneme at that time. Second, even though the inventory of the finals “YunMu” cannot be fully reconstructed due to the insufficient size of the collected vocabularies, we bring up one possibility that the nasal ending /-n/ became to be merged with /-ŋ/. And by tracing the error correction patterns observed in the manuscripts, it is considered that such patterns can act as indirect evidence for the merging of /-k/ and /-ʔ/ to /-ʔ/(abrupt ending). Besides, several grammatical facts are also discussed. In case of demonstratives, it is claimed that the presence of “搿个/个个” in the contemporary Shanghai dialect is caused by the iterative omission of “第” and “一” from “第个一个”. Also, by analyzing the various occurrence patterns, it is shown that in Jenkins(186?), “个” is used not only as numeral classifiers that modify noun phrases but also as sentence final particles.