中国面部识别技术发展考察
A Review on the Development of Facial Recognition Technology in China
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
최근 인공 지능의 중요한 한 분야인 안면인식 기술의 급속한 발전은 빅 데이터와 인공 지능 기술의 통합으로 인해 전 세계적으로 더욱 더 주목받고 있다. 이 기술은 다양한 분야에서 광범위하게 적용되어 왔으며 많은 이점과 편리함으로 계속 발전하고 있다. 그러나 안면인식 기술의 광범위한 사용과 관련된 우려와 잠재적 위험도 상당하다. 따라서 본 연구는 현재 중국의 안면인식 기술 상황에 초점을 맞추어 본 기술의 발전과 위험을 종합적이며 비판적으로 검토하고자 한다. 이로써, 현대 안면 과학 기술의 건전한 발전과 합리적인 감독 및 통제를 위한 인문학적 참고 자료를 관련 학계에 제공하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 세계와 중국의 기술기원, 핵심기술혁신등 안면인식기술의 발전과정을 검토한다. 그다음으로, 안면인식 기술에서 빅데이터 및 인공지능 알고리즘의 적용과 융합에 대해서도 살펴본다. 나아가, 정부와 기업의 추진 역할, 주요 응용 분야 동향을 포함하여 중국의 안면인식기술의 최신발전을 분석한다. 동시에, 안면인식기술로 인한 위험과 도전, 특히프라이버시, 데이터보안, 기술오용, 윤리 및 법률 규정문제 등을 심도 있게 논의한다. 즉, 실제적인 위험성으로서 공공안전, 상업 및 사회관리분야에서 안면인식기술의 특정 적용과 그로 인한 기술적 허점, 개인 사생활 노출 및 사회적 모니터링의 남용 문제를 집중 분석한다. 마지막으로, 본연구는 안면인식 기술의 발전 현황을 요약하고 직면한 주요 문제와 위험성을 다시 한번 지적하고 적절한 대비책과 정책적 제안 사항들을 제시한다.
Abstract
Recently, the rapid development of facial recognition technology, which is an important field of artificial intelligence, has attracted more and more attention worldwide due to the integration of big data and artificial intelligence technology. This technology has been widely applied in various fields and continues to develop with many advantages and convenience. However, the concerns and potential risks associated with the widespread use of facial recognition technology are also significant. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively and critically review the development and risks of this technology, focusing on the current situation in China. It is intended to offer guidance and support for the ethical advancement of contemporary facial recognition technology as well as to promote responsible oversight and regulation. In this paper, first, the development process of facial recognition technology such as the technological origin and core technological innovation in the world and China is reviewed. Next, it also examines the application and convergence of big data and artificial intelligence algorithms in facial recognition technology. Furthermore, it analyzes the latest development of facial recognition technology in China, including the driving role of the government and companies and trends in major application fields. Simultaneously, this discourse delves into the extensive risks and challenges associated with facial recognition technology, such as privacy, data security, potential misuse, ethics, and legal regulations. To put it another way, the practical risks of facial recognition technology are focused on its specific applications in the fields of public safety, commerce, and social management, highlighting the resulting technical vulnerabilities, privacy threats, and abuse of social monitoring. Finally, this study summarizes the development status of facial recognition technology, points out the major problems and risks facing it once again, and presents appropriate countermeasures and policy recommendations.
참고문헌 (23)
- Curran, D., "Data-driven governance, smart urbanism and risk-class inequalities: Security and social credit in China", Urban Studies, 58(3), pp.487~506 (2021)
- Duan, Y., "Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of Big Data–evolution, challenges and research agenda", International journal of information management, 48, pp.63~71 (2019)
- Gates, K. A, "Our biometric future: Facial recognition technology and the culture of surveillance(Vol. 2)" (2011), NYU Press
- Guan, T., "The emerging scientific public sphere in China’s digital economy : Weibo discussions on facial recognition technology", Public Understanding of Science, 32(2), pp.208~223 (2023)
- Hilbert, M, "Big data for development: A review of promises and challenges", Development Policy Review, 34(1), pp.135~174 (2016)
- Hydén, H, "AI, norms, big data, and the law", Asian Journal of Law and Society, 7(3), pp.409~436 (2020)
- Kaur, P., "Facial-recognition algorithms: A literature review", Medicine, Science and the Law, 60(2), pp.131~139 (2020)
- Kosinski, M, "Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images", Scientific reports, 11(1), pp.100~ (2021)
- Lai, X., "Has facial recognition technology been misused? A public perception model of facial recognition scenarios", Computers in Human Behavior, 124, pp.106894~ (2021)
- Mann, M., "Automated facial recognition technology: Recent developments and approaches to oversight", University of New South Wales Law Journal, 40(1), pp.121~145 (2017)
- Naker, S., "Now you see me: Now you still do: Facial recognition technology and the growing lack of privacy", BUJ Sci. & Tech. L, 23, pp.88~123 (2017)
- Smart, A., "China Urbanizing: Impacts and Transitions", pp.205~227 (2022)
- Smith, M., "The ethical application of biometric facial recognition technology", Ai & Society, pp.1~9 (2022)
- Stiegler, B., "Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus" (1998), Stanford University Press
- Su, Z., "Facial recognition law in China", Journal of Medical Ethics (2022)
- Tang, J., "China’s e-Science Blue Book 2018", pp.119~136 (2020)
- Waelen, R. A, "The struggle for recognition in the age of facial recognition technology", AI and Ethics, 3(1), pp.215~222 (2023)
- 杜嘉雯, "人工智能时代生物识别信息刑法保护的国际视野与中国立场——从"人脸识别技术"应用下滥用信息问题切入", 河北法学, 40(1), pp.144~167 (2022)
- 葛泓谢琦, "中国人民大学人脸识别技术应用与思考", 中国教育网络, (9), pp.48~49 (2022)
- 罗天, "人工智能在视频识别领域的应用研究", 中国科技纵横, (4), pp.1~3 (2017)
- 石佳友, "人脸识别治理的国际经验与中国模式", 人民论坛, (4), pp.48~53 (2022)
- 魏永超, "三维面部表情识别技术的研究进展", 电讯技术, 55(6), pp.693~703 (2015)
- 叶荣荣, "基于face++的人脸识别技术在智慧图书馆中的功能设计与实现--以中国药科大学图书馆为例", 图书情报研究, 15(2), pp.122~128 (2022)