본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

탈레반, 미진한 국민국가 형성, 그리고 아프가니스탄 정치 불안정

Taleban, Deficient Modern State Building, and Political Instability in Afghanistan

0

조회

0

다운로드

7

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류종교학

초록

이슬람주의의 위협보다는 미진한 국민국가 형성이 아프간 불안정에 더 큰 배경이라는 가설을 검토하기 위해 본 연구는 우선 아프간 불안정에 대한 다양한 시작을 분류하였다. 이를 바탕으로 실질적으로 학계에서 보는 시각을 파악하였다. ‘Google Scholar’를 통해 2018년부터 약 3년 반의 기간 동안 ‘아프가니스탄,’ ‘정치적’ 그리고 ‘불안정성’의 단어를 담고 있는 논문 및 보고서를 수집해 세 단어와 연관되어 등장하는 독립변수를 분석하였다. 이와 같은 양적분석을 통해 아프간 불안정성이라는 종속변수에 어떠한 독립변수가 주로 제시되었는지를 파악하였다. 마지막으로 아프간 출신 학자, 지식인, 외교관 등과의 이메일 혹은 메신저 설문을 통해 과거 그리고 향후 아프간 불안정성에 가장 심각한 영향을 줄 변수를 조사하였다. 실제로 아프간 현지인이 바라보는 자국의 상황에 대해 내부적 시각을 명확히 파악하려는 시도라고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

While acknowledging the negative impact of Islamism, this paper is based on the hypothesis that Afghanistan's inherent problems, especially the deficient nation-state building, have a greater impact on political instability. To test this hypothesis, this study identified theories and perspectives that explain various variables for political instability, and then evaluated the degree of Afghan nation-state formation. Furthermore, in order to determine which of the two independent variables, Islamism and nation-state building, had a more adverse effect on Afghan political instability, a quantitative analysis was conducted to find independent variables in books, articles, and reports related to political instability in Afghanistan inside ‘Google Scholar’ over the past three and a half years. The results of the analysis shows that academia and research institutes also found that the incomplete nation-state formation is more influential on instability in Afghanistan than Islamism. In addition, a simple and straight-forward survey to understand the perspectives of local Afghan people, revealed that the majority of locals also view that the deficient nation-state building has contributed more to ongoing instability than extreme Islamism.

참고문헌 (52)

  1. 김강석, "불완전 주권과 중동의 정치 불안정", 한국이슬람학회논총, 30(1), pp.91~112 (2020), 한국이슬람학회
  2. 김강석, "신냉전과 중동 정치 질서 변용: 레이건 대 아프가니스탄 전략의 공세적 변화와 급진 이슬람주의 형성", 중동연구, 37(1), pp.31~56 (2018), 중동연구소
  3. 윤민우, "이슬람 극단주의와 강한 부족 전통의 통합작용이 아프가니스탄의 민족국가 건설의 혼란과 안보의 위기로서의 테러리즘과 마약 거래에 미친 영향", Crisisonomy, 8(1), pp.155~176 (2012), (사)위기관리이론과실천
  4. 윤민우, "아프가니스탄 지역 파슈툰 부족의 안보", 치안시스템: 국가권력과 탈레반 테러세력 사이의 안보, 한국경찰연구, pp.2011, 10(3)[DOI]
  5. 이웅현, "점령군 철수 이후 아프가니스탄의 ‘국가건설’ 문제: 근대화의 도식은 여전히 유효한가?", 인문사회 21, 9(2), pp.527~540 (2018), 인문사회 21[DOI]
  6. 이종철, "전후재건의 내생적(內生的) 영향 요인 고찰 - 아프가니스탄 사례를 중심으로", 전략연구, 17(50), pp.123~160 (2010), (사) 한국전략문제연구소
  7. 인남식, "탈레반 집권 후 아프가니스탄 내외 역학관계, IFANS 주요국제문제분석 제20호", ~ (2021)
  8. 정상률, "사우디아라비아 근대 국민국가 형성 연구 - Saud家와 와합주의자의 권력엘리트화를 중심으로", 인문과학연구논총, 37(2), pp.187~214 (2016), 인문과학연구소[DOI]
  9. 정태식, "아프가니스탄 국가건설의 불안정에 대한 역사사회학적 일고찰: 미시적 정체성과 거시적 정체성의 대립을 중심으로", 사회과학담론과 정책, 3(2), pp.35~66 (2010), 사회과학연구원
  10. 최윤철, "아프가니스탄전쟁의 장기화 원인에 대한 연구 - 통일과정에 주는 함의를 바탕으로 -", 통일인문학, 77, pp.325~361 (2019), 인문학연구원[DOI]
  11. Alesina, Alberto, "Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment", European Economic Review, 40(6), pp.1203~1228 (1996)
  12. Ali, Hassanein, "Post-Arab spring: The Arab world between the dilemma of the nation-state and the rise of violent non-state actors (VNSAs)", Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 14(1), pp.68~83 (2020)
  13. Andisha, Nasir A, "An Enduring Lesson from the History of Peacemaking in Afghanistan", International Studies, 57(4), pp.331~343 (2020)
  14. Ares, Macarena, "Changing Classes, Changing Preferences: how social class mobility affects economic preferences", West European Politics, 43(6), pp.1211~1237 (2020)
  15. Berman, Sheri, "From the Sun King to Karzai: Lessons for State Building in Afghanistan", Foreign Affairs, 89(2), pp.2~8 (2010)
  16. Bradford, James. T, "Poppies, Politics, and Power: Afghanistan and the global history of drugs and diplomacy" (2019), Cornell University Press
  17. Call, Charles T, "Beyond the ‘Failed State’: Toward conceptual alternatives", European Journal of International Relations, 17(2), pp.303~326 (2010)
  18. Cavdar, Gamze, "Islamist Rationality: An Assessment of the Rational Choice Approach", Politics and Religion, 5, pp.584~608 (2012)
  19. "Aid Dependency and Political Settlements in Afghanistan" (2018)[URL]
  20. Erfan, Abdul. H, "The Geopolitical Influential Components in the Afghan Crisis", Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 3(7), pp.36~43 (2021)
  21. Feierabend, Ivo. K, "The Comparative Study of Revolution and Violence", Comparative Politics, 5(3), pp.393~424 (1973)
  22. Greentree, Todd, "Strategic Failure in Afghanistan", Journal of Strategic Studies, 44(1), pp.117~140 (2021)
  23. Gurr Ted R., "Why Men Rebel" (1980), Princeton University Press
  24. Hibbs, Douglas A, "Mass Political Violence: A Cross-national Causal Analysis" (1973), Wiley
  25. Hille, Charlotte, "Clans and Democratization: Chechnya, Albania, Afghanistan and Iraq", pp.149~186 (2020), Brill
  26. Hussain, Fayaz, "Implications of the Enigmatic Rise of Taliban: A Historical Perspective", CRR, 6(1), pp.1~7 (2021)
  27. Ibrahimi, S. Yaqub, "Afghanistan’s Political Development Dilemma:The Centralist State Versus a Centrifugal Society", Journal of South Asian Development, 14(1), pp.40~61 (2019)
  28. Issa, Alex, "The Fragmented Middle East: Persistent Insecurity" (2021), Rising Instability
  29. Jabarkhail, Sami, "Human Resource Development: Why It Matters in the National Context of Afghanistan", South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, 6(2), pp.292~306 (2019)
  30. Khan, Muhammad, "Ethnic Conflict and the Political Instability in Afghanistan", Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 4(2) (2021)
  31. Kohli, Atul, "State-Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery" (2004), Cambridge University Press
  32. "UN Security Council: Taliban Must Form Inclusive Afghan Govt" (2021)[URL]
  33. Lieven, Anatol, "An Afghan Tragedy: The Pashtuns, the Taliban and the State", Survival, 63(3), pp.7~36 (2021)
  34. Lipset, Seymour M, "Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics" (1960), Johns Hopkins University Press
  35. "How Afganistan’s Fall to the Taliban Increases the Global Terrorism Threat" (2021)[URL]
  36. Lusset, Bruce M, "World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators" (1964), Yale University Press
  37. Malejacq, Romain, "Warlord Survival: The Delusion of State Building in Afghanistan" (2019), Cornell University Press
  38. "The Islamic State in Afghanistan: Examining its Threat to Stability" (2016)[URL]
  39. Muller, Edward. N, "Cross-national Variation in Political Violence: A rational action approach", Journal of Conflict Resolution, 34(4), pp.624~651 (1990)
  40. Nazir, Nurgiss, "Afghanistan: A Land of Diversity", RJPP, 16(1), pp.34~43 (2018)
  41. Pye, Lucian W., "Aspects of Political Development" (1966), Little, Brown & Co
  42. Powell, G. Bingham, "Contemporary Democracies: Participation, Stability and Violence" (1982), Havard University Press
  43. Rahmani, Zaid, "Corruption in Afghanistan:an Experience for Ukraine", Ukrainian Policymaker, (2), pp.27~32 (2018)
  44. Rahman, Amini Abdul, "The Development of the Political System in Afghanistan: Current Perspective in the Context of National Consensus-Building", J. Pol. & L, 12, pp.1~10 (2019)
  45. Sardania, Khalilollah, "The Social Challenges of Modern State-Building in Afghanistan", World Politics, 3(3), pp.37~63 (2021)
  46. Saroha, Akshaya, "Understanding The Instability In Afghanistan", World Affairs: The Journal of International Issues, 23(4), pp.118~129 (2019)
  47. Schneider, Peter. R, "Social Mobilization, Political Institutions, and Political Violence: a cross-national analysis", Comparative Political Studies, 4(1), pp.69~90 (1971)
  48. Shinoda, Hideaki, "Peace-building and State-building from the Perspective of the Historical Development of International Society", International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 18(1), pp.25~43 (2018)
  49. Trani, Jean-Francois, "Poverty, Vulnerability, and Provision of Healthcare in Afghanistan", Social Science & Medicine, 70(11), pp.1745~1755 (2010)
  50. Wani, Zahoor Ahmad, "Afghanistan’s Neo-Taliban Puzzle", South Asia Research, 41(2), pp.220~237 (2021)
  51. Wu, MengYun, "Impact of Terrorism and Political Instability on Equity Premium: Evidence from Pakistan", Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 492, pp.1753~1762 (2018)
  52. Wyatt, Christopher M, "Afghanistan: The Failure to Integrate Dinm Daulat, Watan and Millat and the Fall of King Amanullah", Asian Affairs, 52(1), pp.79~109 (2021)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (4건)